中国再生稻种植的影响因素及可持续性研究进展

再生稻作为一种特殊的水稻耕作模式，种一茬可收获两次，对增加粮食产量、保障国家粮食安全和提高稻田综合效益有重大意义。综述了中国再生稻的发展趋势，分析了再生稻种植的关键影响因子，阐释了再生稻高产栽培技术，提出在种好头季稻的前提下，适当高留桩，在头季稻齐穗后15 d施用尿素150 kg·hm^-2作为促芽肥，头季稻收割后3 d施用尿素150 kg·hm^-2作为发苗肥，同时配施磷钾肥，可在保证土壤养分平衡的基础上使再生稻获得高产，最后讨论了当前存在的问题及今后发展的方向，认为未来的研究需重点关注再生稻产业化、土壤养分管理、高产栽培技术、稻米品质、温室气体和水体质量，以促进再生稻的发展并为国内同行的研究提供参考与借鉴。

A Review of Research on Influencing Factors and Sustainability of Ratoon Rice Cultivation in China

As a special rice cultivation mode, ratoon rice, once planted and harvested twice, is of great significance for increasing grain yield, ensuring national food security and improving rice field utilization efficiency. This paper reviewed development trends of ratoon rice cultivation in China, analyzed their key affecting factors, elucidated high-yield cultivation techniques, and proposed that under the premise of a good first crop, 150 kg·hm^-2 of urea be applied as sprout fertilizer 15 days after the heading stage of the first season rice, rice stubbles of a proper height be retained in harvesting, and another 150 kg·hm^-2 of urea coupled with P and K fertilizers be applied as seedling prompting fertilizer 3 days after harvesting of the first season rice to ensure balance of soil nutrients for higher yield. In the end, current problems and future directions were discussed. It is considered that researches in future should focus on issues, like industrialization, soil nutrient management, and high yield cultivation techniques for ratoon rice cultivation, quality of ratoon rice, greenhouse gases and water quality in ratoon paddy fields to promote development of ratoon rice cultivation and provide reference for domestic peers in their research.