鄱阳湖生态环境与可持续发展

鄱阳湖作为我国第一大淡水湖，早已引起国际上的关注。鄱阳湖自然保护区1992年被列入了《国际重要湿地名录》。本文通过对鄱阳湖区植被、生物多样性、土地利用、水情水势及泥沙等生态环境现状分析，指出了鄱阳湖区湿地植被退化较严重、水土流失不断加剧、土地沙化日趋严重、洪涝灾害日益频繁、血吸虫病猖獗、生物多样性破坏严重等存在的主要生态环境问题；同时，以“科学发展观”为指导，从战略和全局角度出发，提出了鄱阳湖生态环境统筹规划、合理布局，适度开发、注重保护的若干对策与措施，为鄱阳湖生态环境的可持续发展提供了决策参考依据。

ECOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF POYANG LAKE

Being the largest freshwater lake in China,the Poyang Lake has widely aroused attention worldwild.As early as in 1992,the Poyang Lake Nature Reserve was enrolled into "the Ramsar List of Wetlands of International Importance". The Poyang Lake wetland,a unique ecosystem on earth,plays important roles in keeping ecological and hydrological balances,regulating climates,reducing pollution,and providing habitats for wildlife.According to the analysis of the ecological environment of the Poyang Lake Region,such as vegetation,wetland biological diversity,land use,water and soil erosion,soil alkalization,etc.Its main problems are defined.For example,serious degradation of the wetland vegetation,aggravation of water and soil erosion,prevalence of schistosomiasis,decrease in biological diversity,and so on.At the same time,with Notion of Science Development as guidance and from the strategic point of view,countermeasures are put forward,such as making an overall plan,rationalizing layout,exploitating reasonably,paying attention to eco-environment protection,which may serve as reference and basis for decision-making for sustainable development of the Poyang Lake as well as its Region.