高速公路建设中侵蚀环境及水土流失特征的研究

高速公路水土流失属典型的人为加速侵蚀类型,水土流失类型、程度和强度与主体工程建设有直接的因果关系,侵蚀环境由侵蚀动力系统、侵蚀对象和侵蚀地貌单元3部分组成;高速公路水土流失在空间上表现为沿高速公路呈离散型分布,在时间上与主体工程具有高度同一性。在此基础上,通过对重庆市已建、在建和拟建高速公路实地调查和现场量测,对高速公路水土流失防治责任范围内的侵蚀地貌单元及其水土流失特征进行了系统的分类研究,对高速公路沿线不良地质结构稳定性特征及关键控制因子进行了分类探讨,最后也讨论了高速公路沿线环境敏感区特点,以期为高速公路水土流失预测、水土保持措施布局及水土流失监测提供理论支持。

Study on Eroded Environment and Its Soil and Water Loss Characteristics During Expressway Construction

Soil and water loss in expressway is representative type of man-made accelerated erosion.The type,situation and intensity of soil and water loss have direct relation to the construction of principal part of the expressway.The eroded environment is composed of erosive forces system,eroded object and eroded unit.Soil and water loss showed discrete distribution along the expressway in space and have great identities with the construction of principal part in time.Based on it,the eroded units and soil and water loss characteristics in the scope of duty on prevention of soil and water loss were studied on classification by surveying different expressways in which some have been completed,some are under the construction and some are planned to be built in Chongqing.Besides the features of harmful geology structure stability along expressway and the key dominant factor were discussed on classification.At last the environmental sensitive area in expressway also was discussed to provide theoretical support for prediction of soil and water loss,arrangement of soil and water conservation measurement and monitor of soil and water loss.