不同地表条件下黑土区坡耕地侵蚀过程中土壤团聚体迁移

土壤侵蚀过程中,土壤团聚体的迁移反映了团聚体的破碎程度及径流的搬运能力,直接影响着侵蚀强度.以东北典型薄层黑土区耕层土壤为研究对象,采用模拟降雨试验方法,研究裸露休闲、纱网覆盖与秸秆覆盖3种地表条件下不同粒级(>5 mm,2～5 mm,1～2 mm,0.5～1 mm,0.25～0.5 mm和<0.25mm)土壤团聚体的迁移特征.结果表明:(1)纱网覆盖与秸秆覆盖具有削减径流和抑制侵蚀的作用,其中抑制产沙作用更明显,减沙率分别为75%和99%以上;(2)3种地表条件下,<0.25 mm团聚体是主要的流失粒级,其占到团聚体流失总量的50%以上;各粒级流失量均表现为:裸露休闲>纱网覆盖>秸秆覆盖;(3)纱网覆盖和秸秆覆盖下的团聚体粒级分布与裸露休闲的相比,差异较为明显的均是<0.25 mm粒级,该粒级流失量较裸露休闲的分别减少74.62%和99%;秸秆覆盖与纱网覆盖之间差异明显的是<0.25 mm与1～5 mm粒级,流失量较纱网疆盖的分别减少97.81%和86.03%;(4)秸秆覆盖下团聚体平均重量直径表现为最大;分形维数和平均重量比表面积均表现为:裸露休闲>纱网覆盖>秸秆覆盖.

Soil Aggregate Transport During Soil Erosion Process Under Different Soil Surface Conditions on Black Soil Slope Farmland

During soil erosion process,soil aggregate transport reflects the broken degree of soil aggregate and runoff transport capacity,which directly affects soil erosion degree.A laboratory rainfall simulator study was conducted to determine characteristics of sediment yield and soil aggregate transport of different size fractions(>5 mm,2~5 mm,1~2 mm,0.5~1 mm,0.25~0.5 mm and <0.25 mm) under different soil surface conditions on typical black soil in the northeast China.Three soil surface conditions were designed: ...