神东矿区堆积弃土坡地入渗规律试验研究

选择了神东矿区内土壤类型一致、土壤初始含水率、坡度相似而弃土时间分别为2002～2003年、1996～1997年、1990～1991年的小区和原状土,以及弃土时间为1990～1991年、植被覆盖度相似的不同坡度及坡度、植被覆盖度相似而坡长不同的10个试验小区进行强度为2.0 mm/min人工降雨模拟试验。通过对各场降雨进行入渗率计算,获得10场入渗率变化曲线。结果表明,不同时间堆积弃土具有不同的稳定入渗率,新堆积坡地入渗率要明显高于原状土,达到稳定入渗时间要比原状土长。随着堆积时间的延长,稳定入渗率逐渐下降到原状土水平。坡度、坡长的变化影响弃土坡地入渗过程。坡度越大,产流越快、入渗过程越不稳定;坡长越长,产流越慢、入渗率变化越大。但在其它条件相似的情况下,坡度、坡长的改变对稳定入渗率的影响较小。

Experimental Study on Slope Infiltration Process in Abandoned Soils in Shen-Dong Mine Region

Ten experimental plots,with different slope and covering rate of vegetation,in Shen-Dong mine region were selected to conduct simulated rainfall.The intensity of simulated rainfall was designed to be 2.0 mm/min.Four of these plots were accumulated with abandoned soils in the different years of 1990~1991,1996~1997,2002~2003 and the one primary soil,the others were accumulated with abandoned soils in the year of 1990~1991.Ten curves of infiltration process content were acquired by processing data.The results showed that the soils accumulated in different years had different infiltration process,and with the increasing of accumulation time,the stable infiltrations were declined gradually to be similar to primary soil.Grade and length of slope affected the infiltration process respectively,while the change of grade and slope length had little influences on the stable infiltrations.