基于层次分析-熵权法的内蒙古农牧交错带农业用水水平综合评价

在我国北方干旱半干旱地区，农业灌溉是水资源消耗的主要途径，农业水资源利用效率的高低，直接决定着区域可利用水资源量。为探究我国北方农牧交错带农业用水水平，以内蒙古农牧交错带农业灌溉用水为研究对象，在综合分析用水现状的基础上，通过层次分析—熵权法和模糊综合评价相结合的方法，选取体现农牧交错带农业用水特征的代表性指标，构建农牧交错的农业用水水平综合评价体系，对2020年内蒙古农牧交错带农业用水进行综合评价。结果表明：内蒙古农牧交错带各旗县间农业灌溉用水量相差较大，整体呈现东高西低趋势，灌溉水量为582.41～4 905.86 m³/hm²,灌溉水利用效率为51%～84%;各旗县农业用水综合评价得分为2.26～3.67,农业用水水平整体处于中等偏上，29个旗县中较高水平占比44.80%,中等水平占比55.20%;与作物水分利用效率(WUE)对比，构建的综合评价体系可以更真实地反映出农牧交错带农业用水实际情况，对于农牧交错带中农业用水水平处于中等偏下水平的旗县地区，需加大力度发展农业节水措施，提升农业水资源利用效率。

Comprehensive Evaluation of Agricultural Water Use Level in Agro-pastoral Ecotone of Inner Mongolia Based on Analytic Hierarchy Process and Entropy Weight Method

Agricultural irrigation is the main way of water consumption in arid and semi-arid areas of north China. The level of agricultural water-saving directly determines the amount of regional available water resources. In order to explore the level of agricultural water saving in the farming-pastoral ecotone in north China, we took the farming-pastoral ecotone of Inner Mongolia as the research object. By combining analytic hierarchy process (AHP) with entropy weight method and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation, representative indicators reflecting the characteristics of agricultural water use in the agro-pastoral ecstatic zone were selected to construct an agricultural water-saving comprehensive evaluation system, and a comprehensive evaluation of agricultural water-saving in the agro-pastoral ecstatic zone in Inner Mongolia in 2020 was carried out. The results showed that there was a great difference in agricultural irrigation water consumption among counties in the agro-pastoral ecotone of Inner Mongolia, and the overall trend was higher in the east than in the west. The irrigation water consumption ranged from 582.41 m³/hm² to 4 905.86 m³/hm², and the utilization efficiency of irrigation water ranged from 51% to 84%. The comprehensive evaluation score of agricultural water-saving irrigation in all counties was between 2.26 and 3.67, and the overall water consumption level was above average. In 29 counties, good proportion was 44.80%, and medium proportion was 55.20%. Compared with crop water use efficiency (WUE), the constructed comprehensive evaluation system can more truly reflect the actual situation of agricultural water use in the farming-pastoral ecotone. The areas with medium level of agricultural water-saving irrigation still need to develop water-saving measures to improve the utilization efficiency of agricultural water resources.