基于AquaCrop模型的库尔勒香梨生长动态模拟及滴灌制度优化

为探究省力化栽培模式下库尔勒香梨园适宜的灌溉制度，依据4种灌溉定额(3 750,5 250,6 750,8 250 m³/hm²)条件下2年香梨的田间试验数据，通过冠层覆盖度、土壤含水量和蒸散强度(ET_a)和产量指标，确定AquaCrop模型参数。设置不同灌水场景，综合考虑产量、水分利用效率和灌溉水利用效率，利用AquaCrop模型优化香梨灌溉制度。结果表明：Y2W3处理产量高出其余处理3.87%～16.86%,Y2W1处理水分利用效率高出其余处理2.88%～27.20%;AquaCrop模型模拟与试验地实测结果的决定系数(R²)、均方根误差(RMSE)、标准均方根误差(NRMSE)、拟合度指数(d)和Nash效率系数(NSE)评价指标表明，冠层覆盖度R²变化范围为0.89～0.93,土壤含水量d为0.92～0.98,ET_a的RMSE为1.06～1.61 mm/d; AquaCrop模型预测15种不同场景，灌溉定额7 200 m³/h...

Dynamic Simulation of Korla Fragrant Pear Growth and Optimization of Drip Irrigation System Based on AquaCrop Model

In order to explore the suitable irrigation system of Korla Fragrant Pear orchard under labor-saving cultivation mode, based on the two-year field test data of Fragrant Pear under four irrigation quotas (3 750, 5 250, 6 750 and 8 250 m³/hm²), the AquaCrop model parameters were determined through using canopy coverage, soil water content, evapotranspiration (ET_a) and yield index. Different irrigation scenarios were set up, and the yield, water use efficiency and yield were comprehensively considered, AquaCrop model was used to optimize the irrigation system of fragrant pear. The yield of Y2W3 treatment was 3.87%~16.86% higher than that of other treatments, and the water use efficiency of Y2W3 treatment was 2.88%~27.20% higher than that of other treatments. The evaluation indexes of determining coefficient (R²), root mean square Error (RMSE), standard root mean square error (NRMSE), the Willmott''s index of agreement (d) and Nash Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) of the simulated and measured results of AquaCrop model showed that the canopy coverage R² ranged from 0.89 to 0.93, the range of soil water content d was 0.92~0.98, the range of ET_a RMSE was 1.06~1.61 mm/d. The AquaCrop model predicted 15 different scenarios, and the irrigation system with irrigation quota of 7 200 m³/hm², irrigation frequency of 11 times and irrigation cycle of 14 days performed best, with a yield of 6 793.62 kg/hm², water use efficiency of 10.90 kg/(hm²·mm) and irrigation water use efficiency of 1.03 kg/m³. AquaCrop growth model could be used for yield prediction and field water management of fragrant pears, and the results could provide a basis for the applicability selection of surface drip irrigation technology.