控/缓释肥料减少氨挥发和氮淋溶的效果研究

采用“静态吸收法”和“土柱淋溶法”室内模拟实验，分别研究了6种控／缓释肥料施入土壤中的氨挥发和氮淋溶情况。结果表明：6种控／缓释肥料处理都不同程度的降低了氨挥发量和N素淋溶量。与尿素比较，6种控／缓释肥料氨挥发量分别较普通尿素减少16．62％，23．78％，32．15％，0．11％，16．59％和37、78％，氮淋溶量分别较普通尿素减少15．84％，38．27％，68．87％，46．17％，52．51%和62．01％。试验还表明控／缓释氮肥氨挥发量与不同氮肥引起的土壤脲酶活性、pH值有密切关系。

Effect of Several Controlled/Slow-Release Fertilizers on Decreasing Ammonia Volatilization and N Leaching

Static absorption and soil column leaching methods were used to study ammonia volatilization and N leaching characteristics from six controlled/slow-release fertilizers. The results showed that all the controlled/ slow-release fertilizers decreased ammonia volatilization and N leaching in varying degrees. Total ammonia volatilization of six controlled-release fertilizers decreased by 16.62%, 23. 78%, 32. 15%, 0. 11%, 16.59% and 37.78% than common urea respectively,and N leaching amount of the fertilizers decreased by 15.84%, 38.27%, 68. 87%, 46.17%, 52.51% and 62.01% than common urea respectively. The results also indicated that ammonia volatilization from controlled/slow-release fertilizers was closely related to soil urease activity and pH value.