水热梯度变化及不同施肥措施对东北地区土壤有机碳、氮影响

基于样区的野外观察、土壤实测数据和20年气象资料的统计,分析了东北样区内土壤有机碳含量、储量和土壤全氮含量的空间分布格局及其与年均温(t)、降雨量(p)、有效积温(s)和降雨量/年均温p/t之间的关系.分析了相同水热条件下长期施肥措施对土壤有机碳含量和土壤全氮含量的影响,以及不同水热条件下相同施肥措施间的差异.结果表明:样区内土壤有机碳含量、储量和土壤全氮沿纬度呈现出南低北高的分布趋势;有机碳含量、有机碳储量与气候因素之间存在良好的相关性,土壤全氮含量与p/t间存在良好的相关性.长期施肥处理表明,在相同水热条件下外源有机肥的加入,以及合理施肥都能提高土壤碳含量;相同施肥处理土壤有机碳、氮在不同水热梯度条件下差异显著.

Effect of Gradients of Precipitation and Temperature and Fertilization on Organic Carbon and Nitrogen of Soils in Northeastern China

The spatial distribution patterns of the soil organic carbon(SOC),total nitrogen(TN) and the stock of SOC were studied in Northeastern China.The relationships among the SOC and TN with and mean annual temperature(MAT),and precipitation(p),effective accumulation temperature(s) and p/t(the ratio of precipitation to mean annual temperature) were also analyzed.The effects of long term fertilization on the content of SOC and TN in areas with different gradients of rainfall and temperature.The results showed that the contents of SOC and TN and the stock of SOC enhanced with the increase of latitude,and the significant relationships were found amog the contents and stock of SOC and TN and the precipitation and temperature.The addition of manure and reasonable chemical fertilizers could increase the content of SOC under the same precipitation and temperature.The differences of the contents of SOC and TN and the stock of SOC were significant under the same fertilization and the different precipitation and temperature.