不同质地土壤玉米秸秆还田配施腐熟剂效应的研究

为研究鉴选不同质地土壤秸秆还田适宜的秸秆腐熟剂,于2017—2018年在西辽河平原灌区中壤土和砂壤土秸秆还田配施人元腐熟剂和中农绿康腐熟剂,以秸秆还田不施腐熟剂为对照,共设置6个处理,测定玉米秸秆腐解率、玉米产量、玉米根系特性和土壤化学性状,研究不同秸秆腐熟剂对玉米产量及土壤特性的影响。结果表明:不同质地土壤2种腐熟剂秸秆腐解率间无显著差异;中壤土2年各处理玉米产量及根系特性、土壤化学性状均表现为人元腐熟剂中农绿康腐熟剂秸秆还田不施腐熟剂,且中农绿康腐熟剂和人元腐熟剂显著高于秸秆还田不施腐熟剂,而2种腐熟剂处理之间无显著差异;砂壤土2年各处理玉米产量及根系特性、土壤化学性状均表现为中农绿康腐熟剂人元腐熟剂秸秆还田不施腐熟剂,且中农绿康腐熟剂显著高于人元腐熟剂和秸秆还田不施腐熟剂。2年不同质地土壤中配施腐熟剂在根系特性、土壤化学性状方面表现为砂壤土配施中农绿康腐熟剂效果优于人元腐熟剂,而中壤土配施2种腐熟剂效果无显著性差异。

Effect of Maize Straw Returning Combined with Maturation Agent in Different Texture Soils

In order to study the suitable straw decomposition agents for different soil textures, six treatments were set up to determine the decomposition rate of maize straw, maize yield, characteristics of maize root system and soil chemical properties in the irrigation area of West Liaohe Plain from 2017 to 2018, in which maize straw mixed with Renyuan maturation agent and Zhongnong Lvkang maturation agent were returned to medium loam and sandy loam, and straw returning to the field without applying maturation agent was taken as the control. The results showed that there was no significant difference in the decomposing rate between the two kinds of maturation agents in different texture soils. The yield, root characteristics and soil chemical properties of the middle loam in the two years all followed the order of Renyuan maturation agent > Zhongnong Lvkang maturation agent > control, and the values of Zhongnong Lvkang maturation agent and Renyuan maturation agent were significantly higher than those of the control, while there was no significant difference between the two kinds of maturation agents. The yield, root characteristics and soil chemical properties of sandy loam in the two years all followed the order of Zhongnong Lvkang maturation agent > Renyuan maturation agent > control, and the values of Zhongnong Lvkang maturation agent were all significantly higher than those of Renyuan maturation agent and the control. For improvement of the root characteristics and soil chemical properties, in sandy loam soil, the effect of applying Zhongnong Lvkang maturation agent was better than that of Renyuan maturation agent, while in medium loam, there was no significant difference between the two kinds of maturation agents.