东北平原典型农业县农田土壤养分空间分布影响因素分析

结合常规统计方法与GIS空间分析方法，定量研究了东北平原典型农业县——吉林省德惠市土壤有机质、全氮、速效磷和速效钾空间分布的主要影响因素。研究表明，不同高程的土壤养分含量不存在显著差异；不同坡度的土壤有机质和全氮存在显著差异，坡度相对较大的地区由于受到土壤水蚀的影响导致有机质和全氮含量有所降低，而坡度因素对土壤速效磷和速效钾含量的影响并不显著；土壤类型和土地利用方式都对土壤养分的空间变异存在明显的影响。对4种土壤养分的分布进行空间插值，结果表明，以中部饮马河为分界线，饮马河以东土壤有机质、全氮、速效钾含量较西部为低，而速效磷空间分布的随机性较强。

Analysis of Related Factors for Soil Nutrients in Croplands of Typical Agricultural County, Northeast Plain, China

By combining conventional statistics and and GIS spatial analysis, this paper quantitatively explored the main related factors for spatial distribution of soil organic matter, total N, available P and available K in Dehui County, a typical agricultural county in Northeast Plain. Results showed that, there were no significant differences for soil nutrients under different elevation group. There exist significant differences between slope degrees for soil organic matter and total N. Lower values of soil organic matter and total N concentrations were associated with larger gradient because of soil erosion. Slope factor have no significant effects on soil available P and available K. Soil type and land use type affected the spatial variability of soil nutrients obviously. Spatial distribution map of soil nutrients revealed that, after being divided into two parts along the Yinma River, for soil organic matter, total N and available K, samples in the eastern part have statistically lower values than those in the western part. However, there was no obvious changing trend for available P.