塔里木沙漠公路防护林带土壤入渗研究

为了探明塔里木沙漠公路防护林带咸水灌溉土壤入渗特性,在塔里木沙漠公路防护林带内选取5种不同种植年限的土壤,并取3种不同矿化度水,应用Guelph入渗仪测定土壤水分入渗过程,并进行模型拟合与分析。结果表明:不同种植年限对土壤初始入渗速率、饱和导水率有显著影响,尤其是0-10cm,10-15cm层土壤,随着种植年限增加土壤初始入渗速率、饱和导水率呈减小趋势。咸水灌溉条件下,土壤饱和导水率较淡水大。不同深度土壤入渗特性有差异,表现为25-40cm,40-60cm层土壤饱和导水率较其他层大。用常用的入渗模型对入渗过程进行模拟,可以发现通用经验模型对研究该区域土壤入渗有最好的适用性,Kostiakov模型也较适用,Horton模型在该区域土壤入渗研究中适用性相对较差。

Studies on Soil Infiltration of Shelter-forest Along Tarim Desert Highway

In order to determine the infiltration characteristics of saline water irrigation of shelter-forest along Tarim desert highway,five typical soils of different planting years and three kinds of salinity water were selected in shelter-forest along Tarim desert highway to measure the soil infiltration properties using Guelph permeameter and to analyze by model.Results show that initial infiltration and saturated hydraulic conductivity exist evidential differences among different panting years,especially for the layer of 0-10 cm,10-15 cm,there are decrease trend with the increase of the planting years.Soil saturated hydraulic conductivity are big in the condition of irrigation with saline water than fresh water.There are differences for soil infiltration properties with different depth,soil saturated hydraulic conductivity for the layer of 25-40 cm,40-60 cm is bigger than other layer.Common infiltration models were adopted to simulate the infiltration progress.General model is most suitable to the studied area,Kostiakov is the second,but the Horton model is not suitable to the studied area.