内蒙古1990-2018年土地利用变化及生态系统服务价值

利用内蒙古自治区1990年、1995年、2000年、2005年、2010年、2015年、2018年7期TM/ETM影像作为数据源，基于GIS方法提取内蒙古自治区各年的土地利用数据。采用中国陆地生态服务价值表的计算方法对内蒙古自治区的土地利用数据进行分析，计算内蒙古自治区的生态服务价值。结果表明：1990-2018年内蒙古自治区土地利用各地类整体在时空上呈变化趋势，具体变化为耕地、林地和未利用土地呈下降趋势，草地和城镇建设用地呈增长趋势，其中未利用土地减少面积最多，草地增幅最大；结合土地利用转移矩阵可知，减少的未利用土地、林地和耕地主要都转化为草地；近30年内蒙古的生态服务价值总体呈现增长趋势，其中草地生态服务价值最高，未利用土地的生态服务价值最低，与土地利用变化情况相同；生态服务价值的敏感性指数均<1，这说明近30年内蒙古地区的生态服务价值相对较稳定，结果可信。

Land Use Change and Ecosystem Service Value in Inner Mongolia From 1990 to 2018

Using TM/ETM images of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region in 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015 and 2018 as data sources, land use data of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region based on GIS was extracted. Using the calculation method of China Terrestrial Ecological Service Value Table, the land use data of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region was analyzed and the ecological service value was calculated. The results showed that: From 1990 to 2018, the land use and land types in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region as a whole showed a changing trend in space and time. The specific changes were as follows: The cultivated land, forest land, and unused land are on the decline, the grassland and urban construction land are on the rise. The unused land had the largest reduction in area, and the grassland had the largest increase in area. Combined with the land-use transfer matrix, the reduced unused land, forest land, and cultivated land were mainly converted into grassland. In the past 30 years, the value of ecological service in Inner Mongolia had shown an overall growth trend, with the highest value of grassland ecological service and the lowest value of unused land ecological service. Sensitivity index of ecological service value was < 1, and it indicated that the value of ecological services in Inner Mongolia has been relatively stable in the past 30 years and the results were credible.