神农架大九湖亚高山典型泥炭湿地土壤养分特征分析

基于湖北省神农架国家公园大九湖亚高山典型泥炭湿地土壤总有机碳、总氮、总磷、铵态氮、有效磷、速效钾养分含量进行时间(春、夏、秋、冬)和空间(表层15 cm、中层30 cm、底层45 cm)特征分析。结果表明:(1)该区域土壤各样分以及pH、Eh、容重均满足正态分布,其中有效磷、速效钾为中强变异性,均值为31.33,71.2 mg/kg,总有机碳、总磷、铵态氮、pH、Eh、容重为中弱变异性,均值为419.2,1.56 g/kg和67.57 mg/kg, 5.33,104.4,0.155 g/kg,总氮为弱变异性,均值为20.13 g/kg。(2)土壤总有机碳在季节以及深度变化上均不存在显著差异,总氮与总磷在首层与其余2层存在显著差异,在季节上总氮在首层存在季节差异,总磷在首、中层存在显著差异,土壤养分仅速效钾与首层和其余2层存在显著差异。(3)土壤有机碳、总磷、铵态氮与总氮、速效钾、总磷与铵态氮呈显著正相关,总有机碳与土壤容重、有效磷与Eh,pH与Eh呈显著负相关。(4)研究区土壤总有机碳与总氮较高于我国其余泥炭湿地,随着纬度升高土壤有机碳含量呈现降低的趋势。

Soil Nutrient Characteristics of Typical Sub-alpine Peat Wetland in Dajiuhu of Shennongjia

Based on the analysis of soil total organic carbon, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, ammonium nitrogen, available phosphorus, and available potassium in the typical sub-alpine peat wetland of Dajiuhu in Shennongjia National Park of Hubei Province, the temporal (spring, summer, autumn, and winter) and spatial (surface 15 cm, middle 30 cm, and bottom 45 cm) characteristics were analyzed. The results showed that: (1) The distribution of soil nutrient components, pH, Eh, and bulk density was normal, in which Apo. and Aph. K were medium and strong variability, the mean value was 31.33 and 71.2 mg/kg. TOC, TP, An., pH, Eh, and bulk density were medium and weak variability, and the mean value was 419.2, 1.56 g/kg, 67.57 mg/kg, 5.33, 104.4, 0.155 g/kg; TN is weakly variable, the mean value was 20.13 g/kg. (2) There was no significant difference in soil TOC in season and depth. There was significant difference between TN and TP in the first layer and the other two layers. There was seasonal difference between TP in the first layer and TP in the first and middle layers. Only Aph. was significantly different from the first and the other two layers. (3) TOC, TP, An. and TN, Apo., TP, and An. showed significant positive correlations. TOC and soil bulk density, Apo. and Eh, pH and Eh, showed significant negative correlations. (4) TOC and TN in the study area were higher than other peat wetlands in China, and the content of soil organic carbon decreased with the increase of latitude.