棕壤和褐土的酸淋溶特征

用室内模拟淋洗土柱的方法 ,对棕壤和褐土的酸淋容特征进行了研究。结果表明 ,p H低的酸雨使棕壤严重酸化且有活性铝测出 ,但对褐土的影响相对较轻。 4种盐基离子淋失总量与酸雨的氢离子浓度呈极显著的正相关关系 ,淋失量 Ca2 >Mg2 >Na >K ,其中 Na 对酸雨的酸度最不敏感。电导率的变化与盐基淋失量的变化有相同趋势 ,但不同处理之间的差别倍数大于盐基淋失差别的倍数 ,4种酸雨对土壤的危害程度为 p H2 >p H3>p H4、p H5 ,其中危害棕壤的程度高于褐土。

Characteristics of Acid Leaching of Brown Soil and Cinnamon Soil

The characteristics of acid leaching of brown soil and cinnamon soil were studied using an indoor soil column leaching method with simulated acid rain. The results show that acid rain with low pH can badly acidify brown soil, and activated Al can be detected in the leacheate, but comparatively the effects to cinnamon soil on pH are not obvious. Significant correlation between the total amount of four kinds of base ions in the leacheate and concentration of H of acid rain is evident. The amount of cation loss can be shown in the order of: Ca 2 >Mg 2 >Na >K . Among these, Na is the least sensitive to acid rain. The changes in EC have the same pattern as that of leaching loss of base ions. But the changes in EC among different treatments are larger than those of leaching loss of base ions. The order of four kinds of acid rain damaging to the soils is: pH2> pH3> pH4, pH5. The resulting degree of damage to brown soil was higher than that to cinnamon soil.