| 黄土残塬沟壑区3种林地枯落物和土壤水源涵养功能 |
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| 引用本文： | 侯贵荣,毕华兴,魏 曦,周巧稚,孔凌霄,王杰帅,贾剑波.黄土残塬沟壑区3种林地枯落物和土壤水源涵养功能[J].水土保持学报,2018,32(2):357-363. |
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| 作者姓名： | 侯贵荣 毕华兴 魏 曦 周巧稚 孔凌霄 王杰帅 贾剑波 |
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| 作者单位： | 北京林业大学水土保持学院;山西吉县森林生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站;北京林果业生态环境功能提升协同创新中心;水土保持国家林业局重点实验室(北京林业大学);中南林业科技大学林学院 |
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| 摘 要： | 为了研究黄土残塬沟壑区典型林地枯落物和土壤水文特性,并对黄土残塬沟壑区造林树种的选择及功能导向型林分改造提供依据,于2017年在山西省吉县蔡家川流域选择刺槐林、油松林、刺槐×油松混交林为研究对象,分别采用浸泡法、环刀法对林地枯落物层和土壤层持水性能进行定量化研究,探究其水源涵养功能。结果表明:(1)3种林地枯落物总储量在105.49~148.38t/hm~2之间变动,且半分解层储量大于未分解层储量;油松×刺槐混交林地枯落物总厚度最大(3.8cm),刺槐林次之(3.6cm),油松林最小(3.4cm);(2)枯落物最大持水量(率)均为油松×刺槐混交林最大,刺槐纯林次之,油松纯林最小,分别为117.99t/hm~2(387.12%),106.19t/hm~2(324.31%),82.86t/hm~2(305.76%);(3)枯落物有效拦蓄量与持水量(率)表现一致,均为阔叶林优于针叶林,有效拦蓄量为83.66~195.72t/hm~2,有效拦蓄率为121.75%~292.21%;枯落物持水量、吸水速率与浸水时间分别符合对数函数和指数函数;(4)3种林地土壤容重均值在0.99~1.01g/cm~3浮动,总孔隙度为49.39%~50.09%,土壤有效持水量为32.99~81.73t/hm~2,林地土壤入渗速率与入渗时间呈幂函数关系。综合3种林地枯落物层和土壤层的涵养水源能力表现为油松×刺槐混交林较高,油松纯林较差。建议在现有林分改造中,宜将刺槐纯林和油松纯林逐渐向混交林模式改进。
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| 关 键 词： | 枯落物 最大持水量 有效拦蓄量 水源涵养功能 黄土残塬沟壑区 |
Water Conservation Function of Litters and Soil in Three Kinds of Woodlands in Gully Region of Loess Plateau |
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| HOU Guirong,BI Huaxing,WEI Xi,ZHOU Qiaozhi,KONG Lingxiao,WANG Jieshuai,JIA Jianbo.Water Conservation Function of Litters and Soil in Three Kinds of Woodlands in Gully Region of Loess Plateau[J].Journal of Soil and Water Conservation,2018,32(2):357-363. |
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| Authors: | HOU Guirong BI Huaxing WEI Xi ZHOU Qiaozhi KONG Lingxiao WANG Jieshuai JIA Jianbo |
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| Institution: | 1.College of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083; 2. Ji County Station, Chinese National Ecosystem Research Network (CNERN), Beijing 100083; 3. Beijing Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-environmental Improvement with Forestry and Fruit Trees, Beijing 102206; 4.Key Laboratory of Soil and Water Conservation, State Forestry Administration, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083; 5. College of Forestry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004 |
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