不同改良剂对酸性土壤的修复效应

为明确不同改良剂对酸性植烟土壤的修复效应,采用盆栽试验,分析了施用丰收延酸性土壤改良剂、金叶酸性土壤改良剂及石灰后土壤pH、水解性酸、潜性酸及土壤交换性能的动态变化。结果表明:施用改良剂可提高土壤pH 3.01%~24.11%,降低土壤水解性酸16.08%~50.46%、交换性Al 3+51.80%~64.27%、交换性H+含量84.12%~93.56%,提高土壤交换性盐基总量45.18%~46.16%、阳离子交换量0.33%~20.10%、盐基饱和度21.35%~49.78%。施用土壤改良剂后,土壤pH先升高后下降,至移栽60天后趋于稳定;土壤水解性酸在烤烟移栽后30~90天差异较小,至移栽后120天略有增加。施用石灰的土壤交换性氢、交换性铝一直下降,但施用丰收延、金叶酸性土壤改良剂的土壤交换性铝下降至烟苗移栽后120天略有增加,土壤交换性氢上升至烟苗移栽后120天大幅度下降。施用土壤改良剂后,土壤交换性盐基总量、阳离子交换量、盐基饱和度一直提高,但变化幅度较小。不同土壤改良剂的材料来源及组成成分不同,其对酸性土壤的恢复效果也不同,以施用石灰的效果最好。

Effects of Different Amendments Application on Remediation of Acidic Soil

To clarify the effects of different modifiers on the recovery of acidic tobacco-planting soil, the pot experiments were conducted to study the dynamic changes of soil pH, hydrolytic acidity, latent acid and soil exchange performance after applying Harvested Acidic soil amendment, Golden Leaf acidic soil amendment and lime. The results showed that soil amendments could increase soil pH by 3.01%~24.11%, reduce the soil hydrolytic acid by 16.08%~50.46%, decrease the exchangeable aluminum and exchangeable hydrogen by 51.80%~64.27% and 84.12%~93.56%, respectively, increase the total soil exchangeable base, the cation exchange capacity and salt saturation by 45.18%~46.16%, 0.33%~20.10% and 21.35%~49.78%, respectively. After applying the soil amendments, the soil pH increased first and then decreased, and it was stable after sixty days. The content of soil hydrolytic acid changed a little on the 30~90 day after transplanting of flue-cured tobacco, and increased slightly on the 120 days after transplanting. The exchangeable hydrogen and the exchangeable aluminum decreased in the soil with lime. But the exchangeable aluminum of the soil application with the Harvested Acidic soil amendment and Golden Leaf acidic soil amendment reduced until 120 days after transplanting the seeding of the flue-cured tobacco, and the exchangeable hydrogen increased during the 120 days after the seedling transplanting and then decreased drastically. After application the soil amendments, the exchangeable base, cation exchange capacity and salt saturation increased with small variation. Different soil amendments had different sources and components, and their recovery effects on acid soils were also different. The results of the study showed that recovery effect of lime was the best.