吉兰泰盐湖周边不同沙化程度植被群落与土壤养分特征研究

选取吉兰泰盐湖周边4种不同程度的沙化土壤,对其植被群落特征与土壤养分含量进行测定,分析不同沙化程度植被群落特征、土壤养分含量垂直分布特征以及植被群落与土壤养分含量之间的相关性。结果表明:(1)随着沙化程度的加剧,Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Simpson优势度指数与Margalef丰富度指数均不断下降,植被群落结构趋于简单化;(2)随着沙化程度的加剧,土壤有机质与速效养分含量总体呈降低趋势;(3)土壤有机质、速效磷、速效钾均与Shannon-Wiener多样性指数呈显著正相关;碱解氮与Margalef丰富度指数呈显著正相关。对不同沙化程度植被群落特征和土壤养分的研究为吉兰泰盐湖区天然植被恢复与重建及盐湖保产、高产提供科学依据。

Vegetation Community and Soil Nutrient Characteristics of the Regions with Different Desertification Degrees Around the Jartai Saline Lake

The characteristics of vegetation community and soil nutrient content were measured by 4 different degrees of desertification around the Saline Lake of Jartai. The characteristics of vegetation communities, vertical distribution characteristics of soil nutrient contents and correlation between vegetation communities and soil nutrient contents were analyzed. The results showed that:(1) With the intensification of desertification, Shannon-Wiener diversity index, Simpson dominance index and Margalef richness index decrease, and vegetation community structure tends to be simplified. (2) With the intensification of desertification, the content of soil organic matter and available nutrients decreased in general. (3) Soil organic matter, available phosphorus and available potassium all had significant positive correlations with Shannon-Wiener diversity index, and there was a significant negative correlation between available potassium and Pielou evenness index. There was a significant positive correlation between alkali hydrolyzed nitrogen and Margalef richness index. The study of vegetation characteristics and soil nutrients in different desertification degree provides scientific basis for the restoration and reconstruction of natural vegetation and in Saline Lake area of Jartai and high-yield of Saline Lake.