河流生态系统修复的时空尺度探讨

在对尺度特征进行论述的基础上,详细探讨了河流生态系统修复的时空尺度。时间上,可分为短、中、长与极长4个尺度,修复对象达到稳定状态所需时间越长,所需选择的时间尺度越大,河流生态系统修复一般关注的是短、中与长3个时间尺度。空间上,分为区域、流域、河流廊道与河段4个尺度。区域尺度上,重点是优化社会经济干扰源,分散对河流生态系统的干扰强度;流域尺度上,注重把握流域的整体性,注重累积效应,土地利用变化、景观格局与过程等;河流廊道尺度上,以加强纵向、横向与垂向的联系为目标;河段则是修复活动的操作单元,强调工程与设计。

Study on Spatial and Temporal Scale of River Ecosystem Restoration

Based on the clarification of the character of scale, the spatial and temporal scale of river ecosystem restoration is discussed in detail. The temporal scale includes short, middle, long and bally long scale, the longer is the time required to make river ecosystem get stabilization state, the larger is the selected temporal scale. In restoration practice, river ecosystem restoration commonly focuses on short, middle and long scale. The spatial scale consists of region, watershed, river corridor and river section scale. The focus in region scale is the optimization of socio-economic disturbance sources and the dissipation of disturbance intensity, the integrity of watershed, cumulative impacts, landscape pattern and process, land use and other aspects should be emphasized in watershed scale, the longitudinal, transverse and vertical link should be given special consideration in river corridor scale, and river section is the implementing unit for detailed restoration project and engineering.