不同形态工程堆积体产流产沙对比研究

通过室内模拟降雨试验,研究了二维平面和三维锥状两种堆积体坡面在不同砾石含量条件下的产流产沙特征。结果表明:(1)坡面流速和单位面积径流率随产流时间呈“快速增大—缓慢增大—稳定波动”的变化过程;(2)平均流速和单位面积平均径流率随砾石含量的增加而减小;砾石含量相同时,二维平面坡面的流速和径流率大于三维锥状坡面;(3)二维平面坡面剥蚀率随产流时间呈“稳定—减小—稳定波动”的变化过程;三维锥状坡面剥蚀率呈“增大—稳定波动”的变化过程;(4)单位面积侵蚀量随砾石含量的增加先增大后减小;砾石含量相同时,二维平面坡面的侵蚀量大于三维锥状坡面。

Comparative Study on Runoff and Sediment Yielding in Different Morphological Engineering Accumulations

In this paper, the characteristics of runoff and sediment yield of two-dimensional plane and three-dimensional cone-shaped slopes under different gravel contents were studied through the indoor simulated rainfall test.The results showed that: (1) The slope velocity and runoff rate per unit area showed a trend of "rapid increase, slow increase and stable fluctuation" with the runoff time. (2) The average flow velocity and average runoff rate per unit area decreased with the increase of gravel contents.When the gravel content was the same, the velocity and runoff rate of two-dimensional plane slope were larger than those of three-dimensional cone slope. (3) The denudation rate of two-dimensional plane slope presented a change process of "stable, decreasing and stable fluctuation" with the runoff time. The denudation rate of three-dimensional cone-shaped slope presented a process of "augmented, stable fluctuation". (4)The amount of erosion per unit area increased first and then decreased with the increase of gravel contents. With the same gravel content, the erosion amount of two-dimensional plane slope was larger than that of three-dimensional cone slope.