塔里木河下游生态环境对输水的积极响应

塔里木河下游是我国西部生态与环境问题最为突出的地区.由于人类不合理的资源开发,导致该地区生态问题日益突出.本文结合塔里木河下游5次生态输水,通过3年对输水后生态环境变化的监测,就塔里木河下游生态环境对输水的积极响应进行了分析.结果显示:(1)生态输水后地下水位在时间上和空间上各有其变化规律,在时间上近河道水位响应快,远河道水位响应慢.在空间上距河道不同距离和不同河段上地下水上升的幅度不同.(2)输水后天然植被的响应主要表现在植被种类和植被盖度的增加上;(3)鉴于输水后生态响应的范围仍然较小,因此输水工程还应该继续进行并适当调整输水的方式.

Active Effect of Translating Water on Ecological Environment at Lower Reaches of Tarim River

Due to human irrational resource exploit, many environment problems have become more and more serious at the lower reaches of Tarim River, which made this region become one of the most typical areas of environment degradation in western areas of China. In this paper, according to the monitoring and analysis in this region, and dynamic change of some environmental factors after five times ecological translating water in recent three years, the active effect of translating water on the ecological environment was analyzed. The results are as follows- (1) the ground-water level has changed obviously after translating water, and has different spatio-temporal rule. In time, the nearer well is more sensitive to translating water than the distant well. In space, there are different uplift of water level in different distance from river or different part of river. (2) the effect of natural vegetation on translating water are mainly represent in the coverage and special number increased. (3) Due to the respond range is still very smaller than the total range, the project of translating water should go on at the lower reaches of Tarim River. At the same time, it is necessary to adjust the ways and size of translating water for improving this regional ecological restoration.