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长期施用有机肥对稻田土壤重金属含量及其有效性的影响
引用本文:王开峰,彭娜,王凯荣,谢小立.长期施用有机肥对稻田土壤重金属含量及其有效性的影响[J].水土保持学报,2008,22(1):105-108.
作者姓名:王开峰  彭娜  王凯荣  谢小立
作者单位:1. 嘉应学院,化学系,广东,梅州,514015;中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所,湖南,长沙,410125
2. 嘉应学院,化学系,广东,梅州,514015
3. 青岛农业大学,农业生态与环境健康研究所,山东,青岛,266109
4. 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所,湖南,长沙,410125
基金项目:中国科学院知识创新工程项目 , 中国科学院科研基金
摘    要:以湖南省7个稻田长期定位试验为基础,分析了无肥对照(CK)、化肥(NPK)、中量有机肥 化肥(MOM)和高量有机肥 化肥(HOM)4个处理下0~20 cm土壤重金属Zn,Cu,Cd和Pb全量及其有效态含量的变化。结果表明:长期施用有机肥加大了稻田土壤受重金属污染的风险。仅施化肥对土壤Zn,Cu,Cd和Pb全量、有效态含量及活化率的影响均较小,而中、高量有机肥处理明显提高了土壤Zn,Cu,Cd的全量、有效态含量及活化率,只对土壤Pb的影响较小。且高量有机肥处理下其增幅最大,土壤Zn,Cu,Cd全量分别比对照增加了6.1%,18.7%和8.3%,有效态含量分别比对照增加了87.3%,65.8%和41.4%,活化率分别比对照增加了77.5%,32.0%和29.8%。有机肥的"激活"效应是导致土壤有效态重金属含量大幅提高的主要机制。各试验点土壤全Cd含量均大大超出了土壤环境质量二级标准(0.30 mg/kg),表明各试验点稻田土壤都存在着不同程度的Cd污染问题。

关 键 词:有机肥          重金属有效性  水稻土
文章编号:1009-2242(2008)01-0105-04
修稿时间:2007年10月2日

Effects of Long-term Manure Fertilization on Heavy Metal Content and Its Availability in Paddy Soils
WANG Kai-feng,PENG N,WANG Kai-rong,XIE Xiao-li.Effects of Long-term Manure Fertilization on Heavy Metal Content and Its Availability in Paddy Soils[J].Journal of Soil and Water Conservation,2008,22(1):105-108.
Authors:WANG Kai-feng  PENG N  WANG Kai-rong  XIE Xiao-li
Abstract:On the basis of seven long-term located experiments in paddy fields,analysis was made on the change of heavy metal content and its availability in soil of 0~20 cm which were treated with four different fertilization trails detailed as fertilizing by no fertilizer,NPK,middle-level manure(30% organic N 70% chemical N) and high-level manure(60% organic N 40% chemical N).The results indicated that there was a bigger risk for paddy soils to be polluted by heavy metals under the treatment with long-term combination of chemical fertilizers and farmyard manure.Little change happened on the contents of total and available Zn,Cu,Cd,Pb and their activity under NPK treatment.But total and available Zn, Cu,Cd contents and their activity significantly ascended under MOM or HOM treatment.The most increase was under HOM treatment,at a rate of 6.1%,18.7%,8.3% respectively for total Zn,Cu,Cd contents,at a rate of 87.3%,65.8%,41.4% respectively for available Zn,Cu,Cd contents,and at a rate of 77.5%,32.0%,29.8% respectively for activity of Zn,Cu,Cd,compared with CK treatment.This increase was mainly caused by "activation" effect of farmyard manure.In addition,soil total Cd content overtopped Soil Environmental Quality Standard II(0.30 mg/kg) in all experiment sites,indicating that there was possibly prevalent Cd pollution in these paddy soils.
Keywords:manure  Zn  Cu  Cd  Pb  heavy metal availability  paddy soil
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