日光温室土壤速效养分的累积和淋移特征研究

通过对不同年限日光温室土壤速效养分积累和淋移特征的研究.结果显示:日光温室土壤硝态氮含量明显高于室外粮田,铵态氮含量稍高于温室外粮田,5年、10年和14年日光温室0-100 cm土层硝态氮累积总量分别是相邻粮田积累量的4.3,5.8,7.1倍,日光温室土壤中硝态氮大量积累、淋失强烈、淋移至底层以下.5,10,14年日光温室表层土壤速效P含量均超过200 mg/kg,0～100 am土层土壤速效P积累总量分别是温室外粮田的6.2,13.2,18.0倍,5年低龄温室土壤P索淋移至40-60 cm心土层,10年以上高龄温室土壤P索淋移至底层.5.10,14年目光温室表层土壤速效K的含量均超过300 mg/kg,0～100 cm土层土壤速效K累积总量分别是温室外粮田积累量的1.8,2.9,4.4倍,10年以上高龄温室土壤K索淋移至底层以下、淋失强烈.日光温室土壤速效养分的富集率是速效P>硝态N>速效K,日光温室土壤速效养分的淋移淋失深度和强度是硝态N>速效K>速效P.

Characteristics of Available Nutrients Accumulation and Eluviation in Greenhouse Soil

Studied on the available nutrient accumulation and eluviation of greenhouse soil of different years, the results showed that, compared to the farmland, nitrate nitrogen (NO_3—N) content of soil in greenhouse is significantly higher and the ammonium nitrogen(NH_4 —N) content is slightly higher. 5,10 and 14 years in greenhouse 0—100 cm horizon, respectively, the total nitrate nitrogen (NO_3—N) accumulation value weighs out adjacent farmland of 4. 3, 5. 8 and 7. 1 times, in greenhouse substantial accumulation of nitrate nitrogen (NO_3—N) in soil is eluviated to bottom below and loss intense. 5,10 and 14 years' greenhouse soil available phosphorus(P) content of the surface is more than 200 mg/kg, respectively. 5,10 and 14 years' greenhouse soil 0—100 cm the total accumulation of soil available P, respectively, outsides the farmland of 6. 2,13. 2 and 18. 0 times. 5 years young greenhouse soil available P moves to the subsurface, senior citizens over 10 years of greenhouse soil available P moves to the bottom; 5,10 and 14 years' greenhouse soil available potassium (K) content of the surface is more than 300 mg/kg. The total accumulation values of K are 1. 8, 2. 9 and 4. 4 times respectively in 0 —100 cm soil layer of greenhouse compared with the outside farmland. Senior citizens over 10 years of greenhouse soil available K moves to the bottom and loss intense. Available nutrient enrichment of soil in solar greenhouse is P> N> K, but the depth and intensity of eluviation is N> K> P.