南水北调中线陕西水源区生态补偿量模型研究

在跨流域生态共建共享补偿机制中,生态补偿量的计算是工作的重点和难点,是确定补偿水源区多少的关键,补偿标准确定方法的合理性直接关系着机制的顺利实施.选择南水北调中线陕西水源区为研究对象,构建生态补偿量计算模型.从水源区保护水源所付出的成本、受水区经济可承受能力、水源区的水资源价值和环境容量排污权的损失价值4种途径计算陕西水源区水土保持生态补偿量.通过4种途径计算结果比较分析,认为基于水源区保护水源所付出成本的水源区生态服务补偿支付较为可行.陕西水源区的生态补偿量生态环境建设期为99.56亿元/年,生态环境管护期为90.86亿元/年,同时,根据受水区所需水质标准对所推荐的补偿标准进行修正,为建立跨流域调水水土保持生态补偿机制提供了有益参考.

Study on Calculation Model of Eco-compensation Quantity in Shaanxi Water Source of Middle Line South-to-North Water Transfer Project

The calculation of eco-compensation quantity is not only the key approach in confirming the eco-compensation, but also the emphasis and difficulty in constructing and sharing the eco-compensation mechanism of the inter-basin area. The rationality of the compensation standard confirming method has a direct relation to the well practice of the mechanism. Taken Shaanxi water source area of the Middle Line South-to-North Water Transfer project as the study object, the calculation model of soil and water conservation eco-compensation quantity was build. Through the following four methods, such as the devotion of ecological and environmental construction and management in water source areas, the enduring water resources cost capacity in intake areas, water resources value and the loss value of environmental capacity use right, the soil and water conservation eco-compensation quantity of Shaanxi water source areas was calculated. The calculation result was also analyzed. It is recommended that the soil and water conservation eco-compensation quantity of Shaanxi water source areas was 9. 956 billion Yuan per year during ecological environmental construction period, and 9. 086 billion Yuan per year during ecological environmental management period. Then based on the water quality standard intake areas needed, the eco-compensation quantity was revised, which provided some helpful reference in establishing the soil and water conservation eco-compensation mechanism on inter-basin water transfer.