神府东胜煤田复垦区土壤入渗特性的试验研究

土壤入渗性能是最基本的土壤物理特性之一。复垦区土壤的结构组成复杂,入渗特性有别于非矿区土壤。本文以神府东胜煤田马家塔复垦区为研究对象,利用圆盘入渗仪分别测定了复垦区乔木、林地、荒地、灌木林地和草地的土壤入渗特性,用经典统计学方法对复垦区土壤入渗性能的空间变异性进行了分析。实测结果表明,不同土地利用方式下的土壤入渗特性有较大的差异;在测定范围内,乔木林地、荒地、草地和灌木林地的稳定入渗率均表现出0 cm>—3 cm>—15 cm的规律性,其中草地稳定入渗率随吸力的变化更明显。研究表明:乔木林地稳定入渗率和累积入渗量的变异系数分别为0.58和0.49.属于中等变异。

Experimental Study of Soil Infiltration for Reclamation Land in Shenmu-Fugu Dongsheng Coal Mine Area

Soil infiltrability is one of most important soil physical properties.The structure and texture of the soils in reclamation areas are quite complex,which results in different infiltration properties from the non- reclamation ones.In this study,disc permeameter was employed to measure soil infiltration properties for different land use types in the Majiata reclamation area of Shenmu-Fugu Dongsheng coal mine.The land use types are:woodland,wild-land,shrub-land,and grassland.The results showed that significant differences were found in soil infiltration properties of the four land use types.The steady infiltration rates of the four land uses under different suction values presented the tendency that was the infiltration rate of 0 cm>-3 cm>-15 cm.The steady infiltration rates of grassland changed remarkably with the suction.The study showed that the coefficients of variation (C_v) of steady infiltration rate and cumulative infiltration are 0.58 and 0.49,respectively.This indicated the two parameters for woodland was intermediately variable.