有机地表覆盖材料对树穴土壤理化性质的影响

通过大田试验,研究有机地表覆盖材料对土壤理化性质的影响。以圆明园公园内的桑葚林(Morus alba L.)树穴土壤为研究对象设置6种处理,即水性聚氨酯胶黏剂有机覆盖垫(A)、水性聚氨酯与淀粉胶黏剂混合比9∶1有机覆盖垫(B)、水性聚氨酯与淀粉胶黏剂混合比8∶2有机覆盖垫(C)、水性聚氨酯与淀粉胶黏剂混合比7∶3有机覆盖垫(D)、木片覆盖(M)和无覆盖处理(CK),对不同地表覆盖材料的覆盖效果进行评价。结果表明:(1)总体来看,1年后不同有机地表覆盖材料覆盖下树穴土壤的容重、孔隙度、持水量等物理指标以及不同土层土壤pH变化不大。(2)与CK相比,不同有机地表覆盖材料可增加土壤中有机质、碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾的含量,覆盖后0-10 cm土层比10-20 cm土层的效果更为明显。综合考虑,不同有机地表覆盖材料能够改善土壤养分含量,水性聚氨酯与淀粉胶黏剂混合比8∶2有机覆盖垫(C)为5种有机地表覆盖材料中最适合裸露树穴的覆盖材料。

Effects of Organic Surface Covering Materials on the Physical and Chemical Properties of Park Tree Hole Soil

Through a field experiment, the effects of organic surface covering materials on the physical and chemical properties of soil were studied. Taking soil from Morus alba L. tree holes in Yuan Ming Yuan Park as object, six treatments were set up as water-based polyurethane adhesive organic cover mats (A), water-based polyurethane and starch adhesive mixing ratio 9:1 organic cover mats (B), water-based polyurethane and starch adhesive mixing ratio 8:2 organic cover mats (C), water-based polyurethane and starch adhesive mixing ratio 7:3 organic cover mats (D), wood chip cover (M) and no cover treatment (CK). The coverage effect of different surface covering materials was evaluated by field coverage test. The results showed that:(1) Different surface covering materials have little effect on the soil bulk density, porosity, water holding capacity and other physical indexes, and soil pH values of different soil layers after covering the tree soil for one year. (2) Compared with CK, different organic surface covering treatments could increase the content of organic matter, alkali nitrogen, available phosphorus, and available potassium in soil. The effect of organic surface covering in 0-10 cm soil layer was more obvious than that in 10-20 cm soil layer. Comprehensively speaking, different surface covering materials could improve soil nutrient content, water-based polyurethane and starch adhesive mixing ratio of 8:2 organic covering mat (C) was the most suitable covering material for the exposed tree hole among the five organic surface covering materials.