辽河三角洲湿地生态环境需水量变化研究

基于遥感和生态学的方法．对1988～2001年辽河三角洲湿地类型及面积变化所引起的最小、最适和最大生态环境需水量变化和各类湿地的单位面积生态环境需水量进行了分析。结果表明，1988～2001年辽河三角洲湿地变化引起的生态环境需水总量的变化不到3％，但面积变化对各类湿地生态环境需水量的影响却相当明显；各类湿地单位面积生态环境需水量的总排序为河流-沟渠〉湖泊-坑塘-水库=养殖用地〉水田〉苇田〉潮上带高滩。研究成果可为辽河三角洲水资源规划中湿地生态保护、区域农业结构调整所引起的生态环境需水量计算提供科学依据，也可为其他地区湿地生态环境需水量计算提供借鉴。

Effects of Wetlands Changes on Eco-Environmental Water Requirement in Liaohe Delta

With the support of remote sensing and ecological function analysis, effects of wetlands changes on ecoenvironmental water requirement in Liaohe delta were calculated. The result showed that the change of gross ecoenvironmental water requirement did not exceed 3% that of 1988. At the same time, the changes of water requirement of various wetlands were very obviously which caused by area changes of all kinds of wetlands. The sort order of water requirement of per square kilometer is river-canal, lake-pond-reservoir, fishery land, paddy field, bulrush and supra-tidal zone. The research of this article not only can offers effective basis for calculating eco-environmental water requirement in water resource programming which are relative to protection of wetlands and adjustment of regional agricultural structure, but also can use for reference by other region.