南方山地丘陵区森林植被恢复对水土流失调控机制

我国南方山地丘陵区由于人类活动对森林植被的破坏和暴雨频繁导致的水土流失已引起广泛关注。森林植被恢复改变冠层结构、地表覆盖物和土壤性质等作用界面,从而影响降雨侵蚀过程,是调控水土流失的有效措施。因此,对国内外的相关研究成果进行较为系统的回顾,从植被冠层(林冠和林下植被)、地表覆盖物(凋落物和生物结皮)和土壤(根系、微生物和团聚体)作用界面消减降雨侵蚀力和增强土壤抗侵蚀性等研究视角,分析南方山地丘陵区森林植被恢复对水土流失调控机制,提出了现有研究中存在的问题及研究趋势,对深入认识森林植被对水土流失的调控机制,提高南方山地丘陵区森林植被的水土保持效益具有重要的实际意义。

Regulation Mechanisms of Forest Vegetation Restoration on Water and Soil Erosion in Mountainous and Hilly Area of Southern China

Water and soil erosion due to destruction of forest vegetation by the intense human activities and frequent rainstorm in mountainous and hilly area of southern China has attracted extensive attention. Forest vegetation restoration is an effective measure to control water and soil erosion because of the changes in reaction interfaces in forests, such as canopy structure, floor cover and soil characteristics, and thus affecting the rainfall erosion processes. Therefore, this study makes a systematic review of the relevant research results at domestic and abroad. From the research perspectives of vegetation canopy structure (canopy and understory vegetation), floor cover (litter and biological soil crust) and soil properties (root system, microorganism and aggregate) to reduce rainfall erosivity and enhance soil erosion resistance, this study analyzed the processes and underlying mechanisms of forest vegetation restoration on water and soil erosion, and put forward the existing problems and research trends. It is very important to deeply understand the regulation mechanisms of forest vegetation restoration on water and soil erosion and improve the soil and water conservation benefits of forest in mountainous and hilly area in southern China.