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不同降雨强度下地面坡度对红壤坡面土壤侵蚀过程的影响
引用本文:张会茹,郑粉莉.不同降雨强度下地面坡度对红壤坡面土壤侵蚀过程的影响[J].水土保持学报,2011,25(3):40-43.
作者姓名:张会茹  郑粉莉
作者单位:1. 延安市水土保持监测分站,陕西延安716000;西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,陕西杨凌712100
2. 西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,陕西杨凌712100;黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室,中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所,陕西杨凌712100
基金项目:国家重点基础研究发展计划项目“不同类型区土壤侵蚀过程及其机理”(2007CB407201); 西北农林科技大学创新团队计划项目“土壤侵蚀及其治理环境效应评价”(01140202)
摘    要:通过室内模拟降雨试验,研究了不同降雨条件下地面坡度对红壤坡面产流过程和侵蚀过程的影响,结果表明,红壤坡面起始产流时间随坡度的增加有所提前,但不明显,坡面起始产流时间的早晚主要受降雨强度控制;坡面径流量随雨强的增大而增大,随坡度的变化比较复杂,在雨强为50mm/h时,径流量随坡度的增加而减小,在雨强为75mm/h时,径流量随坡度的增加先增大后减小;不同降雨强度下各坡度的侵蚀产沙率都是在降雨初期急剧上升,随后以指数下降,形成一个向左倾斜的曲线。坡度对坡面侵蚀产沙的影响随雨强的增大而增强;红壤坡面土壤侵蚀量随雨强的增大明显增大,随坡度的增加,在50mm/h小雨强时呈现先增加后减小的变化趋势,在坡度20°附近存在临界坡度;在75mm/h雨强下,侵蚀量随坡度增大而增大。

关 键 词:红壤坡面  坡度  降雨强度  产流过程  侵蚀过程  模拟降雨

Effect of Slope Gradients on Erosion from a Red Soil Hillslope under Different Rainfall Intensity
ZHANG Hui-ru,ZHENG Fen-li.Effect of Slope Gradients on Erosion from a Red Soil Hillslope under Different Rainfall Intensity[J].Journal of Soil and Water Conservation,2011,25(3):40-43.
Authors:ZHANG Hui-ru  ZHENG Fen-li
Institution:ZHANG Hui-ru1,2,ZHENG Fen-li2,3(1.Yan'an Soil and Water Conservation Monitoring Sub-station,Yan'an,Shaanxi 716000,2.College of Resources and Environment,Northwest A&F University,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,3.State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on Loess Plateau,Institute of Soil and Water Conservation,CAS&MWR,Shaanxi 712100)
Abstract:The simulated rainfall experiment was used to quantify the effects of slope gradients on runoff and soil erosion processes on red earth hillslopes under different rainfall intensity conditions.The results showed that the initial slope red soil runoff rates increased the time in advance with the slope,but weren't obvious,start time of slope runoff was mainly affected by rainfall intensity control sooner or later;slope runoff increased with rainfall intensity increases,with slope gradient was more complex,in ...
Keywords:red earth hillslopes  slope gradient  rainfall intensity  runoff process  erosion process  simulated rainfall  
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