冀北山地阴坡枯落物层和土壤层水文效应研究

对冀北山地阴坡6种不同天然林分枯落物层及土壤层进行了初步研究,结果表明:(1)枯落物总蓄积量和最大持水量的顺序一致:华北落叶松-白桦-黑桦混交林>白桦-华北落叶松混交林>白桦-黑桦-华北落叶松混交林>蒙古栎-黑桦混交林>山杨-黑桦-蒙古栎混交林>白桦-黑桦混交林,枯落物的蓄积量为10.15~30.47 t/hm2,最大持水量的变化范围为24.33~63.57 t/hm2。华北落叶松-白桦-黑桦混交林的有效拦蓄能力最强,为48.60 t/hm2,山杨-黑桦-蒙古栎混交林的有效拦蓄能力最弱,为16.47 t/hm2;(2)未分解层枯落物与半分解层枯落物持水量与浸泡时间呈明显对数关系,吸水速率与浸泡时间呈明显幂函数关系;(3)土壤容重均值的变化范围为0.89~1.18 g/cm3,总孔隙度的变动范围为49.93%~63.08%。随着土壤厚度加深,土壤容重逐渐增大,总孔隙度逐渐减小;(4)山杨-黑桦-蒙古栎混交林有效持水能力最强,为65.43 t/hm2,华北落叶松-白桦-黑桦混交林持水能力最弱,为37.92t/hm2,土壤入渗速率与入渗时间呈明显幂函数关系,相关系数都在0.95以上。

Hydrological Effects of Forest Litters and Soil in the Slope of North Mountain of Hebei Province

A preliminary study of hydrological effects of litters layer and soil layer was carried out in six kinds of natural forest stands in the slope of north mountain of Hebei province.The result showed that:(1)The litter total storage capacity and the maximum water holding capacity showed this order: Larix principic-rupprechtii-B.platyphylla-B.davurica>B.platyphylla-Larix principic-rupprechtii>B.platyphylla-B.davurica-Larix principic-rupprechtii>Quercus mongolica-B.davurica>Populus davidian-B.davurica-Quercus mo...