施氮量对冀西北春玉米氮肥利用率和土壤硝态氮时空分布的影响

在田间条件下研究了施氮量对春玉米产量、氮肥利用率和土壤硝态氮时空分布的影响,旨在为冀西北春玉米氮肥优化管理提供理论依据。研究结果表明,春玉米产量随施氮量的增加而提高,当施氮量高于225 kg/hm2时,春玉米产量和氮肥利用率显著降低。从春玉米播种前到收获后,不施氮处理0-90 cm各土层硝态氮含量不断降低,施氮处理0-30 cm和30-60 cm土层硝态氮含量呈先上升后迅速下降并保持稳定的趋势,而60-90 cm土层硝态氮在春玉米生长后期有增加的趋势;春玉米收获后随着土层深度的增加,硝态氮呈波浪式下降,施氮量300,375 kg/hm2处理60-90,120-150,150-180 cm土层硝态氮含量显著高于其它处理。随着施氮量的增加,春玉米0-90,90-180,0-180 cm土层硝态氮累积量均呈增加趋势,高施氮量土层累积的硝态氮存在着更大的淋溶风险。因此,综合分析氮肥用量对春玉米产量、氮肥利用率的影响,并考虑土壤硝态氮时空分布下的环境风险,合理的施氮量应控制在195~225 kg/hm2之间。

Effects of Nitrogen Application on Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Spring Maize and Distribution of Soil Nitrate Nitrogen in Northwest Hebei Province

Field experiment was carried out to investigate effects of different nitrogen application rates on yield,nitrogen use efficiency of spring maize and distribution of soil nitrate nitrogen(NO-3-N) in Northwest Hebei province.The results showed that yield of spring maize increased with the increasement of N application rate,and yield,N use efficiency of spring maize decreased significantly when N application rate was higher than 225 kg/hm2.From before sowing to after harvest of spring maize,NO-3-N content in 0...