西气东输工程沿线陕西段区域生态安全格局设计研究

区域生态安全格局是一个新近提出的概念,其理论尚在发展之中。研究以西气东输工程陕西段为例,从保证管道安全和解决工程中的生态问题入手,提出了管道工程沿线区域生态安全格局的设计框架,对生态安全格局理论进行了初步的应用。制图分析得出陕西段主要生态系统有丘陵黄绵土农田生态系统、丘陵黄绵土丛生禾草草原生态系统、平原黄绵土农田生态系统、沙地生态系统等。水土流失敏感性分析显示3个标段均有超过80%区域属敏感区,水土流失很严重。生态系统中关键生态单元主要有6处,包括丘陵沟壑区梁峁穿越,腰岘穿越,中小冲沟穿越,河流凹岸(陡崖)穿越,大开挖河流,固定、半固定沙丘穿越。在生态系统功能分析的基础上进行了区域基本生态安全格局设计,并针对关键生态单元进行了关键生态安全格局设计。

Regional Pattern for Ecological Security in Shanxi Section Along West-East Gas Pipeline Project

The regional pattern for ecological security (RPES) is a new concept, and its theory is under development. To solve the problem of pipeline safety and the ecological destroy, the paper put the theory into use in the Shannxi Section along the West-East Gas Pipeline Project, and put forward the design framework for the RPES along the pipeline. The mapping analyze shows that there are mainly 7 ecosystems including rolling hill/loessial soil/farmland ecosystem, rollinghill/loessial soil/hassock grass steppe ecosystem, plain/loessial soil/farmland ecosystem, sandy land ecosystem etc. Sensitivity analyze of soil and water loss shows that over 80% of the region is the sensitive region, which is the character of the severe loss of water and soil. 6 key ecological units are given in the long loess ridge and round hill, the area of terrene bridge between two hills (Yaoxian), the area crossing the middle and small gully,open-riverbed-ditching, around the area of concave bank of River by WEPP in loess hilly area along WEPP.At last the security pattern designs are focused on the ecosystems and key ecological units.