| 太湖地区水稻最适宜施氮量研究 |
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| 作者姓名： | DENG Mei-Hu SHI Xiao-Jun TIAN Yu-Hu YIN Bin ZHANG Shao-Lin ZHU Zhao-Liang S. D. KIMURA |
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| 作者单位： | United Graduate School of Agriculture Science,Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology |
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| 基金项目： | Supported by the Knowledge Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. KZCX2-YW-440-1);the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 30390080 and 41071197);the National High Technology Researchand Development Program (863 Program) of China (No. 2006AA10Z418) |
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| 摘 要： | To determine the optimal amount of nitrogen(N) fertilizer for achieving a sustainable rice production at the Taihu Lake region of China,two-year on-farm field experiments were performed at four sites using various N application rates.The results showed that 22%-30% of the applied N was recovered in crop and 7%-31% in soils at the rates of 100-350 kg N ha 1.Nitrogen losses increased with N application rates,from 44% of the applied fertilizer N at the rate of 100 kg N ha 1 to 69% of the N applied at 350 kg N ha 1.Ammonia volatilization and apparent denitrification were the main pathways of N losses.The N application rate of 300 kg N ha 1,which is commonly used by local farmers in the study region,was found to lead to a significant reduction in economic and environmental efficiency.Considering the cost for mitigating environmental pollution and the maximum net economic income,an application rate of 100-150 kg N ha 1 would be recommended.This recommended N application rate could greatly reduce N loss from 199 kg N ha 1 occurring at the N application rate of 300 kg N ha 1 to 80-110 kg N ha 1,with the rice grain yield still reaching 7 300-8 300 kg DW ha 1 in the meantime.
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| 关 键 词： | economic efficiency environmental efficiency N application rate N loss rice grain yield |
| 收稿时间： | 27 June 2011 |
Optimizing nitrogen fertilizer application for rice production in the Taihu Lake region, China |
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| DENG Mei-Hu,SHI Xiao-Jun,TIAN Yu-Hu,YIN Bin,ZHANG Shao-Lin,ZHU Zhao-Liang,S. D. KIMURA.Optimizing nitrogen fertilizer application for rice production in the Taihu Lake region, China[J].Pedosphere,2012,22(1):48-57. |
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| Authors: | DENG Mei-Hu SHI Xiao-Jun TIAN Yu-Hu YIN Bin ZHANG Shao-Lin ZHU Zhao-Liang and S D KIMURA |
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| Institution: | State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008 (China); United Graduate School of Agriculture Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 1838509 (Japan);College of resources and environments, Southwest University, Chongqing 310047 (China);State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008 (China);State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008 (China);State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008 (China);State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008 (China);United Graduate School of Agriculture Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 1838509 (Japan) |
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| Abstract: | To determine the optimal amount of nitrogen (N) fertilizer for achieving a sustainable rice production at the Taihu Lake region of China, two-year on-farm field experiments were performed at four sites using various N application rates. The results showed that 22%--30% of the applied N was recovered in crop and 7%--31% in soils at the rates of 100--350 kg N ha-1. Nitrogen losses increased with N application rates, from 44% of the applied fertilizer N at the rate of 100 kg N ha-1 to 69% of the N applied at 350 kg N ha-1. Ammonia volatilization and apparent denitrification were the main pathways of N losses. The N application rate of 300 kg N ha-1, which is commonly used by local farmers in the study region, was found to lead to a significant reduction in economic and environmental efficiency. Considering the cost for mitigating environmental pollution and the maximum net economic income, an application rate of 100--150 kg N ha-1 would be recommended. This recommended N application rate could greatly reduce N loss from 199 kg N ha-1 occurring at the N application rate of 300 kg N ha-1 to 80--110 kg N ha-1, with the rice grain yield still reaching 7300--8300 kg DW ha-1 in the meantime. |
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| Keywords: | economic efficiency environmental efficiency N application rate N loss rice grain yield |
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