减穴增株在半干旱区全膜双垄沟播玉米上的应用研究

为进一步优化全膜双垄沟播玉米生产技术，2020 — 2022年在甘肃省中部半干旱雨养农业区研究了玉米减穴增株高产高效栽培技术。试验采用全膜双垄沟播技术，设每穴留苗1株(对照)、留苗2 株、留苗3 株、留苗4株4个处理，观察各处理下玉米经济性状、生育期和产量。结果表明，在密度相同的情况下，全膜双垄沟播玉米每穴留苗3株、4株主要性状明显优于每穴留苗1株。每穴苗4株玉米折合产量为7 723.48 kg/hm2，较每穴留苗1株增产723.48 kg/hm2，增产率10.34%；每穴留苗3株为7 549.24 kg/hm2，较每穴留苗1株增产549.24 kg/hm2，增产率7.85%，增产效果明显。该种植模式适宜在海拔2 000 m以下、年降水量350～500 mm的半干旱雨养农业区应用。

Study on the Application of Hole Reducing and Seedling Increasing Technique in Full-film Double-ridge Furrow Sown Maize in Semi-arid Region

In order to further optimize the production technology of full-film double-ridge furrow sown maize, a high-yield and efficient cultivation technique of hole reducing and seedling increasing was studied in the semi-arid rainfed agricultural area of central Gansu Province from 2020 to 2022. The experiment adopted a full-film double-ridge furrow sowing technique with 4 treatments including 1 seedling(the control), 2 seedlings, 3 seedlings, and 4 seedlings per hole applied. The economic traits, growth period, and yield of maize in each treatment were observed. The results showed that under the same density, the agronomic traits of 3 and 4 seedlings per hole in full-film double-ridge furrow sownmaize were significantly better than those in 1 seedling per hole treatment. The average yield of 4 seedlings per hole was 7 723.48 kg/ha, which was 723.48 kg/ha higher than that of 1 seedling per hole showing a yield increasing rate of 10.34%. The yield of 3 seedlings per hole was 7 549.24 kg/ha, which was 549.24 kg/ha higher than that of 1 seedling per hole showing a yield increasing rate of 7.85%, which indicated ideal yield increasing effect. This planting mode is suitable for application in semi-arid rainfed agricultural areas with an altitude below 2000 m and an annual precipitation of 350 to 500 mm.