糠醛渣添加量对奶牛粪堆肥腐熟及氨气释放量的影响

为解决奶牛场粪污和糠醛渣的贮存及其对环境的污染问题，我们探究不同添加量的糠醛渣对奶牛粪条垛式堆肥腐熟及氨气释放量的影响，以新鲜奶牛粪和小麦秸秆为主料，分别添加质量分数为3%、6%、9%的糠醛渣进行为期35 d的堆肥试验。结果表明，当糠醛渣添加量质量分数为3%~9%时，新鲜奶牛粪和小麦秸秆堆肥的产品的含水率、pH、NH₃释放量分别比对照不添加糠醛渣下降13.86%~20.91%、1.09%~4.37%、12.86%~30.82%，种子发芽指数和C/N分别提高24.35%~43.48%、12.54%~31.22%。综上考虑认为，采用奶牛粪堆肥时，添加质量分数为3%~9%的糠醛渣，可促进堆肥物料的分解转化，加快腐熟速度，降低氨气释放量。

Effects of Furfural Residue Addition on the Decomposition and Ammonia Release from Dairy Manure Compost

In order to deal with the issues of dairy manure and furfural residue storage and its pollution to the environment, effects of different addition amounts of furfural residues on the decomposition and ammonia release of dairy cattle manure in strip composting was investigated, a 35-d composting experiment was conducted with fresh dairy cattle manure as the main feedstock and furfural residues added at 3%, 6% and 9% mass fraction, respectively. The results showed that the water content, pH and NH₃ release of the composted products were decreased by 13.86% to 20.91%, 1.09% to 4.37% and 12.86%to 30.82%, respectively compared with that of the control treatment when added at the mass fraction of 3% to 9%, whereas the seed germination index and C/N were increased by 24.35%to 43.48% and 12.54%to 31.22%, respectively. To sum up, when composting cow manure, furfural residues addition at the mass fraction of 3%to 9% can promote the decomposition and transformation of composting materials, accelerate the speed of decomposition, and reduce the amount of ammonia release.