化肥减量配施有机肥对党参地下生长量及品质的影响

为探讨党参生产中有机肥替代化肥的适宜用量，以常规施肥磷酸二铵750 kg/hm2、硫酸钾375 kg/hm2为对照，设化肥减量10%、20%、30%、40%后配施相应量有机肥的4个试验处理，研究有机肥与化肥配施对党参农艺性状、等级、产量和品质的影响。结果表明，与常规施肥相比，随着有机肥替代化肥比例的提升，党参鲜根重显著增加；党参产量呈现先上升再下降趋势，有机肥4 500 kg/hm2+常规施肥减量30%增产幅度最高，为12.70%。所有增施有机肥、减施化肥处理的党参品质均高于常规施肥。化肥减量配施有机肥可以显著增加党参产量。在试验条件下，在保证产量和品质的基础上施有机肥4 500 kg/hm2+常规施肥减量30%为最佳施肥方案。

Effects of Reduced Chemical Fertilizer with Organic Fertilizer Application on Underground Growth and Quality of Codonopsis pilosula

This research aimed to study the effects of partial replacement of chemical fertilizer with organic fertilizer on underground growth and quality of Codonopsis pilosula, and to explore a technical model of organic fertilizers instead of chemical fertilizers. Chemical fertilizer reduced by 10%, 20%, 30% and 40%, and replaced with organic fertilizer were taken as the 4 treaments with the conventional fertilization as the control, the effects of partial replacement of chemical fertilizer with organic fertilize on agronomic traits, grade and yield of Codonopsis pilosula were studied. Compared with the control, with the increase in the proportion of organic fertilizer replacing chemical fertilizer, the fresh root weight of Codonopsis pilosula was increased significantly, yield of Codonopsis pilosula increased first and then decreased. The treatment of organic fertilizer 4 500 kg/ha plus 30% of chemical fertilizer reduction had the highest yield increase, reaching 12.70 %. The quality of Codonopsis pilosula in all treatments was higher than that in the control. Combinative application of organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer reduction could significantly increase the yield of Codonopsis pilosula. Under the experimental conditions, on the basis of ensuring yield and quality, the best fertilization method was to replace 30% chemical fertilizer with organic fertilizer of 4 500 kg/ha.