不同地表状况对土壤风蚀的影响——以内蒙古太仆寺旗为例

通过对采取不同耕作措施和不同留茬方式的农田土壤进行野外风沙观测.观测结果表明,人为因素对农田土壤风蚀影响非常大,不同地表状况的土壤风蚀特征存在显著差异.留茬地因为表面残茬的存在显著增加了土壤表面粗糙度,从而使得其风蚀强度较小;而秋翻地人为扰动较大,表面覆盖度较小,其风蚀强度在所研究的土壤中为最大.因此,对于内蒙古太仆寺旗农田土壤风蚀较严重区域,应该采取留茬措施以减少人为扰动,增加覆盖度以提高土壤表面粗糙度,从而有效地减少土壤风蚀.

The Effect of Different Soil Surface on Wind Erosion in Taipusi County, Inner Mongolia

Through field investigation on soils of different tillage ways and soils with different kinds of stubbles,the results indicated that,the effect of anthropogenic factors on wind erosion is great,and wind erosion of grasslands,soils with stubbles and ploughed farmlands was obvious different.The existing of stubble on soils resulted in the increase of soil roughness,and correspondingly the intensity of wind erosion was small.Human turbulence in autumn-ploughed farmland was large,and the surface coverage was almost zero,so the intensity of wind erosion was the maximal of all soils studied.So,stubble mulch should be adopted in Taipusi county,Inner Mongolia,where wind erosion of farmland was serious,and surface coverage should be increased in order to decrease wind erosion.