陕北石油污染对土壤理化性质的影响

为了研究石油污染对土壤理化性质的影响，对安塞县8个类型油井井场周围土壤中的石油烃含量和理化性质进行分析测定。结果表明，井场周围土壤石油烃含量变化范围为0.08~71.49 g/kg，其中井场外0~5 m区域和5~20 m区域内土壤污染严重。石油污染导致土壤含水率、pH值、硝态氮、速效磷、全钾和速效钾含量显著降低，容重、有机质和铵态氮含量显著升高，全氮和全磷含量无显著变化；石油污染土壤中的石油烃含量与含水率、容重、有机质、铵态氮、速效磷和速效钾均呈极显著相关，与pH值和全钾呈显著相关，与全氮、硝态氮和全磷无显著相关关系。

Effect of Petroleum Contamination on Physical and Chemical Properties of Soils in Oilfield of Northern Shaanxi

To understand the variation of physical and chemical properties of oil contaminated soil, samples of soil from oil well fields was surveyed and analyzed. Contents of petroleum hydrocarbons and some physical and chemical properties were investigated. Results showed that contents of petroleum hydrocarbons in the soil around the oil well ranged from 0.08 to 71.49 g/kg, and the soil in the range of 0~5 m and 5~20 m around the oil well was polluted significantly. Water content, pH and the contents of nitrate N, available P, total K and available K in oil-polluted soil decreased significantly. Unit weight and the contents of organic matter and ammonium N in oil-polluted soil increased significantly. Petroleum contamination did not affect contents of soil total N and total P. In oil-polluted soil, petroleum hydrocarbons content was significantly correlated with water content, unit weight, pH, contents of organic matter, ammonium N, available P, total K and available K, and was not significantly correlated with contents of total N, nitrate N and total P.