传统村落空间分布下的多尺度特征及影响因素分析——以广东省263个传统村落为例

为探究传统村落空间分布与自然和社会经济要素之间的关联性，以广东省263个传统村落为研究对象，采用最近邻指数、核密度估计和Moran′s I指数等GIS空间分析方法，对广东省传统村落空间分布格局进行多尺度分析，并进一步揭示其分布特征的影响因素。研究表明：广东省传统村落在空间分布上呈现出不均衡性，从省域尺度上来看，广东省传统村落在空间上整体呈现出以“粤东北—粤中部—粤西北”为中心的高密度聚集区；从市域尺度上来看，广东省传统村落主要形成以梅州市、佛山市和清远市为核心的高密度集聚区；从自然和社会经济条件上来看，除了地形、海拔以及河网发育程度影响着传统村落的空间分布格局，交通便利度以及社会经济发展水平对传统村落空间布局和遗存也会产生直接影响。该研究能为广东省传统村落保护与开发和乡村振兴发展提供科学依据和理论参考。

Analysis of Multi-scale Characteristics and Influencing Factors Under the Spatial Distribution of Traditional Villages

To explore the relationship between the spatial distribution of traditional villages and natural and socio-economic factors. Taking 263 traditional villages in Guangdong Province as the research object, we used nearest neighbor index, kernel density estimation and Moran's I index and other GIS spatial analysis methods to analyze the spatial distribution pattern of traditional villages in Guangdong Province at multiple scales, and further revealed the influencing factors of its distribution characteristics. The results show that the spatial distribution of traditional villages in Guangdong Province was quite uneven; from the provincial scale, the traditional villages in Guangdong Province showed a spatial distribution of ‘Northeast-Central High'; from the city scale, the traditional villages in Guangdong Province mainly formed with Meizhou City, Foshan City and Qingyuan City as the core; from the perspective of natural and socio-economic conditions, in addition to topography, altitude and river network development, there was a greater correlation with the distribution of traditional villages, traffic convenience and the level of social and economic development were related to the spatial distribution of traditional villages; there was also a greater correlation between them. This research can provide scientific basis and theoretical reference for protection and development of traditional villages as well as rural revitalization and development in Guangdong Province.