土壤侵蚀示踪方法研究综述

土壤侵蚀已成为极为严峻的环境问题之一，由于降雨、坡面层流引起的土壤侵蚀被认为是涉及到坡面土壤的分散、沉积和转移同时发生的过程。分别介绍了放射性核素¹³⁷Cs示踪，稳定性稀土元素示踪，磁性示踪剂在土壤侵蚀、沉积、分布和泥沙来源研究领域中的进展情况。旨在借鉴国内外研究方法上的经验。对于准确评价侵蚀泥沙在坡面空间、时间尺度上的分布、转运、沉积，了解土壤侵蚀过程和评价基于坡面、流域的土壤侵蚀模型有重要的指导意义。

Summary of Tracer Method on Studies of Soil Erosion

Soil erosion has already become one of the most serious environmental problems, soil erosion by water is considered a process involving the detachment, transport and deposition of soil materials by the erosive forces of rainfall and surface flow of water.The development of radionuclide 137 Cs tracer, stability rare earth element tracer and magnetism tracer were used to study soil erosion, deposition, sediment distribution and the source of sediment, which were separately presented.The object was to use for reference the experience of study method.It is important that accurate evaluations of the processes of detachment, transport and deposition from hillslopes are important to better understand the process of soil erosion and evaluate physically based on hillslope or watershed scale erosion models.