基于气候变化和地形湿度指数的锡林浩特市水土流失趋势分析

气候因子和土壤水分是影响水土流失的重要因素,将气候因子与地形湿度指数相结合进行分析,对于预测研究区的水土流失趋势具有指导性的作用。以锡林浩特市为研究对象,利用Excel分析近10a来锡林浩特市气候变化趋势,结果表明:平均气温上升,降水量减少,平均风速增加,气候条件的变化使得草地生产力下降。以锡林浩特市数字高程图为基础,利用GIS的分析功能计算地形湿度指数。根据行政区划找出研究区域内地形湿度指数较小的区域,基于气候变化和地形指数进行综合分析得出:毛登牧场、白音希勒牧场、宝力根苏木3个地区土壤含水率较低,气候变化背景下,这3个地区风力侵蚀更易发生,因此应采取相应保护措施减少不必要的人类活动造成的水土流失。

Analysis of Soil and Water Erosion Development Trend in Xilinhaote Based on Climate Change and Terrain Humidity Index

Climate factor and soil moisture are the important influence factors responsible for soil and water loss.Combining the climate factor with the terrain humidity index for analysis,it can be good at forecasting the soil and water loss.In this paper,with the Xilinhaote as the analysis area,nearly 10 years climate change trend in Xilinhaote city was analyzed using Excel.The results showed that the average temperature and average wind speed increased,while amount of precipitation reduced.Climate change made the ecological environment worse.Base on the DEM of Xiinhaote,the terrain wetness index can be calculated by using the analysis function of GIS.According to the administrative division,the smaller terrain wetness index area can be identified.Based on climate change and the terrain index,it was found out that the moisture content of Maodeng pasture,Baiyin shearer pasture,Baoligen sappanwood was lower;these three areas were much easy to suffer wind erosion.The measures should be taken to reduce unnecessary soil and water loss caused by human activities.