基于土地生态安全的黔江区土地利用结构优化

通过构建黔江区土地生态安全评价指标体系,对黔江区2005—2012年土地生态安全状况进行了动态分析,在此基础上,采用灰色多目标规划模型,以综合效益最大化为目标,对黔江区土地利用结构进行优化。结果表明:(1)黔江区土地生态安全水平由2005年的0.426 9上升到2012年的0.586 2,土地生态安全级由"较不安全"上升到"临界安全",土地生态安全水平还有待改善,需要对土地利用结构进行优化;(2)黔江区土地利用结构优化后,土地生态安全等级由"临界安全"级上升到"较安全"级,土地生态安全水平达到0.748 9;(3)从优化结果看,农用地中耕地面积有所减少,园地、林地、其他农用地都有所增加,建设用地中交通水利用地和其他建设用地增幅较大,其他土地中自然保留地面积有所减少。研究结果对黔江区提高土地利用综合效益,维持土地生态系统的相对平衡和持续利用以及经济社会的可持续发展具有重要的现实意义。

Land Utilization Structure Optimization in Qianjiang District Based on Land Ecological Security

By constructing the Qianjiang District land ecological security evaluation index system,the analysis of the land ecological security of the city from 2005 to 2012 was made according to the evaluation standards.Based on this,using the grey multi-objective programming model,with comprehensive benefit maximization as the goal,the land use structure of Qianjiang District was optimized.The results showed that:(1) Qianjiang District land ecological security level was on the rise,land ecological security composite index increased form 0.426 9 in 2005 to 0.586 2 in 2012,the security level rose from level ‘relative unsafety’ to ‘critical safety’,indicating that land ecological security level remains to be improved,and it is necessary to optimize the land use structure;(2) after optimizing land use structure,the land ecological security composite index reached up to 0.748 9,land ecological security level changed from ‘critical security’ up to ‘safer’ class;(3) from the optimization results,arable land in farmland will decrease,and area increase will also occur on woodland and garden,in construction land,land for transportation and water-control structures and other construction land will increase,in other land,the natural reservation area will decrease.The results of the study has important practical significance to improve comprehensive benefit of land use,maintain the balance of the ecosystem and sustainable utilization of land and the economic and social sustainable development.