新疆2000-2012年主要农作物虚拟水含量计算与分析

从农作物虚拟水角度出发，基于彭曼公式结合CROPWAT软件计算、分析了新疆2000—2012年主要农作物的单位质量农作物虚拟水含量和农作物的虚拟水总量。结果表明:新疆主要农作物虚拟水含量从高到低为:棉花、小麦、玉米、薯类、蔬菜；从2000—2012年，各类作物的单位质量虚拟水含量呈下降趋势，但各类农作物虚拟水总量大体上均呈现上升趋势，主要农作物虚拟水含量下降与新疆各地区采取节水灌溉技术、提高单位面积产量密切相关，虚拟水总量大幅度增加主要是因为农作物的种植面积的扩大和产量大幅度的提升。从虚拟水视角对农作物政策和结构进行调整，为新疆实施水资源管理提供决策，同时对于新疆的生态保护具有重要意义。

Calculation and Analysis of Major Crop Virtual Water in Xinjiang from 2000 to 2012

From the perspective of virtual water of crops, the amount of virtual water per unit weight of major crops and the total amount of virtual water of major crops were calculated and analyzed based on Penman formula combining CROPWAT software from 2000 to 2012 in Xinjiang. The results showed that the virtual water of major crops was ranked from high to low as cotton, wheat, corn, potato, vegetable; the amount of virtual water per unit weight of major crops in Xinjiang decreased, but the total amount of virtual water generally showed the upward trend. The former was closely related with each region of Xinjiang adopting water-saving irrigation technology and increased yield per unit area, and the later was mainly due to the expansion of planting area and the great improvement of yield. From the perspective of virtual water, we can adjust the farming policy and crop planting structure, and provide decision for implement of water resource management, having the important significance for ecological protection in Xinjiang.