草海保护区功能分区与生态环境变化的关系研究

草海湿地是我国云贵高原岩溶湿地中的独特类型，地处金沙江上游，不仅起到调节下游水量平衡，以及调节区域气候的作用，也是高原特有鹤类——黑颈鹤的主要越冬地之一，其生态环境的变化具有重要的生态意义。通过对草海国家级自然保护区水土流失、湖盆淤积，水环境、黑颈鹤栖息生境等生态环境特征变化以及当地社区湿地资源利用状况的分析，探讨了湿地生态环境变化与现行保护区功能分区的关系，说明三级模式下的湿地生态环境管理激化了湿地资源利用与保护的矛盾，必须加强草海湿地生态结构和功能特征的研究，制定合理的保护区功能分区，切实有效地保护湿地生态环境。

Relations Between Ecological Environment Changes and Current Functional Zone Dividing Model in Caohai National Wetland Reserves

Caohai, a unique type of Karst wetland situated in the upstream of Yangtze River in Yungui Plateau, plays an important role in adjusting the water flow and the water level of the downstreams. Also,it is an important wetland that regulates local climate and provides a habitat for rare and endangered species,such as Grus nigricollis. Based on the studies on the siltation and lake shrinking,changes of water environment and habitats of Grus nigricollis, utilizations of wetland resources, relations between ecological environment changes and current functional zone dividing model are discussed. The protection management of ecological environment under current functional zone dividing model is not effective in solving the conflicts between resources utilization and protection of the wetland. It is necessary to study ecologic structure and function of Caohai plateau wetland.