柴达木盆地土壤温湿度变化特征及相关关系分析

通过对2010年7月至2011年6月一个年周期的土壤温湿度资料进行分析，得出柴达木盆地四个采样点的土壤温湿度的变化特征及相互关系，并初步探讨变化原因。结果表明:四采样点（格尔木、诺木洪、德令哈和大柴旦）土壤温度变化具有相似性，浅层土壤（10，30 cm）温湿度的日变化剧烈，深层（50，70，90 cm）变化相对平稳；四样点土壤温度在观测年内呈近似正弦曲线，在8月份达到年最高值，1月份达到年最低值。在2月至3月之间不同深度土壤温度基本相同；土壤湿度存在积累期和衰减期日循环变化，土壤水分每日收支状况基本保持动态平衡；不同采样点土壤湿度季节变化趋势基本一致但也存在着各自特殊性，季节振幅:大柴旦>德令哈>诺木洪，极值月份出现的时间略有差异。土壤温度与湿度之间相互影响，存在明显的相关关系。

Variations of the Soil Temperature and Moisture in Qaidam Basin and Their Relationship

Through the data analysis of soil temperature from July 2010 to June 2011, we can conclude the variations of soil temperature and moisture in the four sampling sites (Golmud, Nuomuhong, Delingha and Da Qaidam) of Qaidam Basin, and come to the preliminary discussion on the reasons for such changes. Results show that the four sampling sites have similarity in terms of the daily variation of soil temperature. The temperature of shallow soil (10, 30 cm) changes dramatically daily, and the daily temperature variation of deeper soil layers (50, 70, 90 cm) is relatively stable. The soil temperatures of four sites in observation years show the approximate shape of a sine curve, which reaches the highest in August and the lowest in January. In February and March, the temperatures in different depths of soil are basically the same; analysis from the day of the soil moisture changes can be divided into two stages:accumulation and attenuation. The daily energy budget of soil moisture keeps the dynamic balance. The seasonal soil moisture change pattern is similar. But each sampling site has its own relative characteristic. The amplitude of soil moisture decreased in the order:Da Qaidam > Delingha > Nuomuhong, and extremum appearance time is different. There is a significant correlation between soil temperature and soil moisture.