闽北坡地不同土地利用方式的降雨与土壤侵蚀的关系研究

以闽北农地、果园、竹林地、清耕地4种土地利用方式为研究对象,分析了54场降雨条件下不同土地利用类型的土壤流失量差异及次降雨量与土壤流失量的关系。结果表明:土壤流失量大小顺序为:清耕地>果园>竹林地>农地;小雨、中雨、大雨、暴雨4个雨强等级的土壤流失量均以清耕地为最大,果园次之,竹林地的土壤流失量除在小雨小于农地,其它三个雨量级都高于农地;竹林地和农地从大雨开始土壤流失量增加较快,果园和清耕地从中雨开始土壤流失量增加较快;4种不同土地利用方式的土壤流失量与次降雨量的关系呈指数函数关系。

The Relationship Between Rainfall and Soil Erosion Under Different Land Uses in Slope Land of Northern Fujian

The relationship between 54 rainfalls and the soil erosion quantity under 4 kinds of land uses,including farmland,orchard,bamboo grove and clear farming in Northern Fujian,is studied and the differences of soil erosion quantity under different land utilization is analyzed.The research indicated that the order of soil erosion quantity is:clear farming>orchard>bamboo grove>farmland;the soil erosion quantity of clear farming in 4 rainfall-rank,that is light rain,moderate rain,heavy rain,rainstorm,is the biggest,the orchard takes the second place,the bamboo grove is higher than that the farmland in three rainfall-rank except light rain;the soil erosion quantities of the bamboo grove and the farmland increase quickly comparatively from the heavy rain,while the quantities of the orchard and the clear farming increase from moderate rain;between the soil erosion quantity under different land uses and rainfall at a time assumes the exponential relationship.