论道路建设的生态环境影响与生态道路建设

近20年来,我国道路建设取得了辉煌的成就,但在其建设水平和规模巨大提高的同时,道路建设对生态环境的不利甚至负面影响也在不断加深和扩大。从生态学的角度,综合分析了道路建设对生态环境的影响,即:(1)对土、水、气、声、热等无机环境的影响;(2)对植物、动物等生命系统的影响;(3)对景观格局、过程等的影响。在此基础上运用“生命周期”概念分析并提出建设生态道路应在规划设计、建设施工、道路运营等阶段分别采取相应措施,从而达到建设和谐生态道路的目的。

On the Environmental Impacts of Road Construction and Ecological Road Construction

In the recent 20 years,the road construction has obtained magnificent achievement in China.Although its level and scale got huge enhancement,the negative influences of road construction to the ecological environment are also deepening and expanding unceasingly.The influences of the road construction upon the ecosystem in light of ecology are synthetically analyzed.(1)The influence to inorganic environment,such as sound,air,water and soil;(2) the influence to the life systems of plant and animal;(3) the influence to the general layout and process of landscape.On the base of the above,making use of the "life cycle" concept to analyze and propose the idea that we should use different measures on different stages in order to attain the purpose of constructing harmonious ecological road.