1981-2010年内蒙古沙漠化演变对区域生态系统服务价值的影响

土地沙漠化是生态系统服务价值变化的重要影响因素，文章基于NDVI等多源数据与GIS、敏感性分析方法，分析了1981—2010年内蒙古地区沙漠化演变对区域生态系统服务价值的影响。结果表明:（1）1981—2010年，内蒙古地区沙漠化面积净增加6.92万km²，但总体沙漠化程度有所改善。沙漠化逆转区域主要集中于内蒙古西南部的鄂尔多斯与阿拉善，而沙漠化发展区域主要发生在中北部的科尔沁和浑善达克。（2）生态系统服务总价值减少671.57亿元；沙漠化演变对生态系统服务价值具有中度线性相关关系，其造成生态系统服务价值损失比例为23.7%。（3）沙漠化演变对沙区生态系统服务价值变化的影响具有空间异质性，在鄂尔多斯、浑善达克等地表现为促进作用，在土默特、内蒙后山等表现为反向作用。（4）各沙区生态系统服务价值对沙漠化演变敏感度差异明显；科尔沁、河套平原等地敏感性指数高于50，而呼伦贝尔、内蒙后山等则小于1。该结果可为内蒙古自治区的科学土地规划、生态保护及可持续发展提供重要参考。

Impact of Desertification Dynamics on Regional Ecosystem Service Values in Inner Mongolia from 1981 to 2010

Desertification is an important factor influencing the change of ecosystem service values. The desertification dynamics in Inner Mongolia from 1981 to 2010 and its impact on regional ecosystem service values were analyzed by combining multi-source data such as NDVI, GIS and the sensitivity analysis method. The results showed that:(1) although the area of deserted land in Inner Mongolia increased 69 200 km² from 1981 to 2010, the overall degree of desertification had been controlled; the regions experiencing desertification reversion mainly concentrated in the southwest of Inner Mongolia such as Ordos and Alxa, and the areas undergone desertification expansion mainly occurred in Horqin and Otindag; (2) the total ecosystem service value decreased by 67.157 billion Yuan, and desertification dynamics had moderate linear correlation with ecosystem service value, which caused 23.7% decrease of ecosystem service value; (3) the impacts of desertification dynamics on the change of ecosystem service value in different sandy regions had spatial heterogeneity, which had promoting effects in Erdos, Otindag etc., and reverse effects in Tumd, Houshan etc.; (4) the sensitivity of ecosystem service value to desertification dynamics in different sandy regions also had obvious differences; for example, sensitivity index could reach up to more than 50 in Horqin and Hetao Plain, while it also could be lower than 1 in Hulun Buir and Houshan region. These results of the study can provide the important reference for the scientific land planning, ecological protection and sustainable development in Inner Mongolia.