长江三峡库区不同森林类型涵养水源能力比较研究

从林冠层、枯落物层及土壤层3个生态作用层次对缙云山自然保护区4种主要森林类型的涵养水源功能进行了定量研究。结果表明：林内透雨量、树干径流量与降雨量、降雨强度呈二元线性关系。林冠截留率为16．91％～67．84％，平均为38．19％，依次为针阔混交林〉阔叶林〉楠竹林；枯落物储量为16．21-32．42t／hm^2，平均为20．69t／hm^2，依次为灌木林〉阔叶林〉针阔混交林〉楠竹林；各种森林生态系统能够截留的降雨量总量为450．3-686．3t／hm^2，针阔混交林的涵养水源功能最好，阔叶林、楠竹林次之，灌木林最小。

A Comparative Study on Water Conservation Capacity of Five Main Forest Types in Three Gorges Reservoir Area in China

Based on the data from fixed sample plots of main forest types in Jinyun Mountain in Chongqing City, water conservation capacity were studied. The results showed that there is a binary linear regression for both through fall and stem flow to precipitation quantity and precipitation intensity. The relative interception ranges from 16.91% to 67.84% on an average of 38. 19%. Under the same rainfall the decrease order of canopy interception in the different forest types is coniferous and broadleaved mixed forest, broadleaf forest, bamboo forest. The biomass of litter layer in different forest ecosystems varies from 16.21 to 32.42 t/hm^2,on an average of 20. 69 t/hm^2 and the decrease order of the biomass is shrubbery, broadleaf forest, coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest, bamboo forest. The total interception of rainfall in different forest ecosystems varies from 450.3 to 686.3 t/hm^2 the decrease order is coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest, broadleaf forest, bamboo forest , shrubbery.