湖北省水稻主产区稻田杂草种类及群落特点

采用七级目测法调查了湖北省3个水稻主产区25个样点稻田杂草的种类及危害程度,分析了各水稻主产区稻田杂草群落的特点.结果表明,湖北省水稻主产区稻田杂草有23科43种,据综合草害指数优势种杂草依次为稗、双穗雀稗、水花生、鸭舌草、千金子、丁香蓼、鳢肠、浮萍.其中襄樊－随州地区以稗、水花生为优势种类,江汉平原以稗、双穗雀稗为优势种类,黄冈地区以稗、鸭舌草为优势种类.江汉平原与黄冈地区稻田杂草群落相似性较大,Sфrenson相似性指数为0.774 1,二者均与襄樊－随州地区的相似性较小.总体上看,湖北省水稻主产区稻田杂草的丰富度较低,可能与长期施用除草剂有关.

Weed communities and distribution characteristics in the paddy fields of main rice growing regions of Hubei Province

Comprehensive weed infestation indices of existing weed populations from 25 sampling sites in three main rice growing regions, Jianghan Plain, Huanggang region, and Xiangfan-Suizhou region, of Hubei Province were determined by a seven-point scale through weed dominance visualization. 43 weed species of 23 families were collected. The comprehensive infestation index ranking of the dominant weed species is Echinochloa crusgalli, Paspalum paspaloides, Alternanthera philoxeroides, Monochoria vaginalis, Leptochloa chinensis, Ludwigia prostrate, Eclipta prostrate and Lemna minor. Of the weed species, the dominant weeds in Xiangfan- Suizhou, Jianghan and Huanggang regions are Echinochloa crusgalli, Alternanthera philoxeroides; Echinochloa crusgalli, Paspalum paspaloides; Echinochloa crusgalli, Monochoria vaginalis respectively. There is a strong similarity between weed community in the paddy fields of Jianghan Plain and Huanggang region, with a S?renson index of 0.774 1. Weed communities in the paddy fields in the two regions are less similar to that in Xiangfan-Suizhou region. Overall, weed community richness in the paddy fields of Hubei Province is low. This is probably due to long-term utilization of herbicides in the province.